Knowles, Kristen K.Little, Anthony C.2019-01-162019-01-162015-09-11Knowles, K. K. & Little, A. C. (2016) Vocal fundamental and formant frequencies affect perceptions of speaker cooperativeness. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69 (9), pp. 1657-1675.1747-0226https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/9171https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2015.1091484Item originally deposited in University of Edinburgh, ERA (Edinburgh Research Explorer) repository at: https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/vocal-fundamental-and-formant-frequencies-affect-perceptions-of-speaker-cooperativeness(aa129663-7931-4e8e-81fc-3feec4ef4ff2).html AND in University of Stirling (STORRE) repository at: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/26461In recent years, the perception of social traits in faces and voices has received much attention. Facial and vocal masculinity are linked to perceptions of trustworthiness, however, while feminine faces are generally considered to be trustworthy, vocal trustworthiness is associated with masculinised vocal features. Vocal traits such as pitch and formants have previously been associated with perceived social traits such as trustworthiness and dominance, but the link between these measurements and perceptions of cooperativeness have yet to be examined. In Study 1, cooperativeness ratings of male and female voices were examined against four vocal measurements: fundamental frequency (F0), pitch variation (F0-SD), formant dispersion (Df) and formant position (Pf). Feminine pitch traits (F0 and F0-SD) and masculine formant traits (Df and Pf) were associated with higher cooperativeness ratings. In Study 2, manipulated voices with feminised F0 were found more cooperative than voices with masculinised F0 among both male and female speakers, confirming our results from Study 1. Feminine pitch qualities may indicate an individual who is friendly and non-threatening, while masculine formant qualities may reflect an individual that is socially dominant or prestigious, and the perception of these associated traits may influence the perceived cooperativeness of the speakers.1657-1675enThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis Group in Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology on 24 Nov 2015, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2015.1091484Voice PitchFormant FrequenciesCooperationProsocialityArticle2019-01-16