CC BY 4.0 DEED Attribution 4.0 InternationalCruder, CinziaSoldini, EmilianoGleeson, NigelBarbero, Marco2024-01-042024-01-042023-12-222022-12-31Cruder, C., Soldini, E., Gleeson, N. and Barbero, M. (2023) ‘Factors associated with increased risk of playing-related disorders among classical music students within the Risk of Music Students (Rismus) longitudinal study’, Scientific Reports, 13(1), p. 22939. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-49965-7.https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/13637https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-49965-7From Springer Nature via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: received 2022-12-31, collection 2023-12, registration 2023-12-14, accepted 2023-12-14, epub 2023-12-22, online 2023-12-22Acknowledgements: We would like to thank the participating students, as well as the music academies and universities that actively helped the authors recruiting the participants. The data included in this article pertains to RISMUS: A longitudinal investigation of the factors associated with increased RISk of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders in Music students, a research project funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant ref. 10531C_182226) and was supported by Queen Margaret University-Edinburgh for the achievement of a PhD research award. This funding source had no role in the ideation and conception of this study, nor in its execution, analysis and interpretation of the data.Publication status: PublishedFunder: Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001711; Grant(s): 10531C_182226Nigel Gleeson - ORCID: 0000-0003-0072-1521 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0072-1521Playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) are common among musicians but longitudinal data on risk factors are limited. The aim of the study was to longitudinally identify the factors associated with increased risk of PRMD onset among music students enrolled in different pan-European music institutions. A further goal was to assess the occurrence of PRMDs during a 12-month period. A total of 442 students without PRMDs from 56 European music universities completed a web-based questionnaire on lifestyle and practice habits, health history, physical activity, psychological distress, perfectionism, and fatigue. PRMD onset was assessed prospectively at 6 and 12 months. Logistic regression analysis showed that changes in physical activity level (6-month AOR = 2.343, 12-month AOR = 2.346), increased levels of fatigue (6-month AOR = 1.084, 12-month AOR = 1.081) and socially-prescribed perfectionism (6-month AOR = 1.102) were significantly associated with PRMD onset, which had occurred in 49% of participants during 12 months. Musculoskeletal complaints reported at baseline (6-month AOR = 0.145, 12-month AOR = 0.441) and changes to BMI (12-month AOR = 0.663) limited the onset of PRMDs. The study’s novel longitudinal findings were appraised critically within the contexts of potential factors for PRMD onset and evidence-based preventive strategies to minimise the impact of PRMDs.Licence for this article: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/article2023-12-22