Browsing by Person "Burton, James"
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Item Body Composition and Its Response to Intradialytic Exercise in Kidney Failure: A Combined Analysis of the PEDAL and CYCLE-HD Randomised Controlled Trials(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2023-11) Ng, Khai Ping; Macdonald, Jamie H.; Young, Robin; March, Daniel S.; Graham-Brown, Matthew; Mercer, Tom; Greenwood, Sharlene A.; Burton, James; Dasgupta, IndranilItem Clinical practice guideline: Haemodialysis(The Renal Association, 2019-07-31) Ashby, Damien; Borman, Natalie; Burton, James; Corbett, Richard; Davenport, Andrew; Farrington, Ken; Flowers, Katey; Fotheringham, James; Fox, Andrea; Franklin, Gail; Gardiner, Claire; Gerrish, Martin; Greenwood, Sharlene; Hothi, Daljit; Khares, Abdul; Koufaki, Pelagia; Levy, Jeremy; Lindley, Elizabeth; Macdonald, Jamie; Mafrici, Bruno; Mooney, Andrew; Tattersall, James; Tyerman, Kay; Villar, Enric; Wilkie, MarinHaemodialysis continues to expand in the UK with over 25 000 patients now being treated, representing a 10% increase since publication of the previous Renal Association guideline for haemodialysis. In addition the patient group continues to develop: the typical patient is now 67 years old with a median history of 3.2 years on renal replacement therapy. The authors of this guideline aimed principally to update the previous guideline according to the latest research and experience, but also to expand the scope into areas not previously covered but relevant to haemodialysis practice.Item Exercise programme to improve quality of life for patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis: The PEDAL RCT(National Institute for Health Research, 2021-06) Greenwood, Sharlene A.; Koufaki, Pelagia; Macdonald, Jamie; Bulley, Catherine; Bhandari, Sunil; Burton, James; Dasgupta, Indranil; Farrington, Kenneth; Ford, Ian; Kalra, Philip A.; Kumwenda, Mick; Macdougall, Iain C.; Messow, Claudia-Martina; Mitra, Sandip; Reid, Chante; Smith, Alice C.; Taal, Maarten W.; Thomson, Peter C.; Wheeler, David C.; White, Claire; Yaqoob, Magdi; Mercer, TomBackground Whether or not clinically implementable exercise interventions in haemodialysis patients improve quality of life remains unknown. Objectives The PEDAL (PrEscription of intraDialytic exercise to improve quAlity of Life in patients with chronic kidney disease) trial evaluated the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a 6-month intradialytic exercise programme on quality of life compared with usual care for haemodialysis patients. Design We conducted a prospective, multicentre randomised controlled trial of haemodialysis patients from five haemodialysis centres in the UK and randomly assigned them (1 : 1) using a web-based system to (1) intradialytic exercise training plus usual-care maintenance haemodialysis or (2) usual-care maintenance haemodialysis. Setting The setting was five dialysis units across the UK from 2015 to 2019. Participants The participants were adult patients with end-stage kidney disease who had been receiving haemodialysis therapy for > 1 year. Interventions Participants were randomised to receive usual-care maintenance haemodialysis or usual-care maintenance haemodialysis plus intradialytic exercise training. Main outcome measures The primary outcome of the study was change in Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form, version 1.3, physical component summary score (from baseline to 6 months). Cost-effectiveness was determined using health economic analysis and the EuroQol-5 Dimensions, five-level version. Additional secondary outcomes included quality of life (Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form, version 1.3, generic multi-item and burden of kidney disease scales), functional capacity (sit-to-stand 60 and 10-metre Timed Up and Go tests), physiological measures (peak oxygen uptake and arterial stiffness), habitual physical activity levels (measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Duke Activity Status Index), fear of falling (measured by the Tinetti Falls Efficacy Scale), anthropometric measures (body mass index and waist circumference), clinical measures (including medication use, resting blood pressure, routine biochemistry, hospitalisations) and harms associated with intervention. A nested qualitative study was conducted. Results We randomised 379 participants; 335 patients completed baseline assessments and 243 patients (intervention, n = 127; control, n = 116) completed 6-month assessments. The mean difference in change in physical component summary score from baseline to 6 months between the intervention group and control group was 2.4 arbitrary units (95% confidence interval –0.1 to 4.8 arbitrary units; p = 0.055). Participants in the intervention group had poor compliance (49%) and very poor adherence (18%) to the exercise prescription. The cost of delivering the intervention ranged from £463 to £848 per participant per year. The number of participants with harms was similar in the intervention (n = 69) and control (n = 56) groups. Limitations Participants could not be blinded to the intervention; however, outcome assessors were blinded to group allocation. Conclusions On trial completion the primary outcome (Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form, version 1.3, physical component summary score) was not statistically improved compared with usual care. The findings suggest that implementation of an intradialytic cycling programme is not an effective intervention to enhance health-related quality of life, as delivered to this cohort of deconditioned patients receiving haemodialysis. Future work The benefits of longer interventions, including progressive resistance training, should be confirmed even if extradialytic delivery is required. Future studies also need to evaluate whether or not there are subgroups of patients who may benefit from this type of intervention, and whether or not there is scope to optimise the exercise intervention to improve compliance and clinical effectiveness. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN83508514. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 25, No. 40. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.Item Randomized Trial—PrEscription of intraDialytic exercise to improve quAlity of Life in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis(International Society of Nephrology, 2021-05-30) Greenwood, Sharlene A.; Koufaki, Pelagia; Macdonald, Jamie; Bhandari, Sunil; Burton, James; Dasgupta, Indranil; Farrington, Kenneth; Ford, Ian; Kalra, Philip A.; Kean, Sharon; Kumwenda, Mick; Macdougall, Iain C.; Messow, Claudia-Martina; Mitra, Sandip; Reid, Chante; Smith, Alice C.; Taal, Maarten W.; Thomson, Peter C.; Wheeler, David C.; White, Claire; Yaqoob, Magdi; Mercer, TomIntroduction: Whether clinically implementable exercise interventions in people receiving hemodialysis (HD) therapy improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) remains unknown. The PrEscription of intraDialytic exercise to improve quAlity of Life (PEDAL) study evaluated the clinical benefit and costeffectiveness of a 6-month intradialytic exercise program.Item Renal Association clinical practice guideline on haemodialysis(SpringerNature, 2019-10-17) Ashby, Damien; Borman, Natalie; Burton, James; Corbett, Richard; Davenport, Andrew; Farrington, Ken; Flowers, Katey; Fotheringham, James; Fox, Andrea; Franklin, Gail; Gardiner, Claire; Gerrish, Martin; Greenwood, Sharlene; Hothi, Daljit; Khares, Abdul; Koufaki, Pelagia; Levy, Jeremy; Lindley, Elizabeth; Macdonald, Jamie; Mafrici, Bruno; Mooney, Andrew; Tattersall, James; Tyerman, Kay; Villar, Enric; Wilkie, MartinThis guideline is written primarily for doctors and nurses working in dialysis units and related areas of medicine in the UK, and is an update of a previous version written in 2009. It aims to provide guidance on how to look after patients and how to run dialysis units, and provides standards which units should in general aim to achieve. We would not advise patients to interpret the guideline as a rulebook, but perhaps to answer the question: "what does good quality haemodialysis look like?"The guideline is split into sections: each begins with a few statements which are graded by strength (1 is a firm recommendation, 2 is more like a sensible suggestion), and the type of research available to back up the statement, ranging from A (good quality trials so we are pretty sure this is right) to D (more like the opinion of experts than known for sure). After the statements there is a short summary explaining why we think this, often including a discussion of some of the most helpful research. There is then a list of the most important medical articles so that you can read further if you want to - most of this is freely available online, at least in summary form.A few notes on the individual sections: 1. This section is about how much dialysis a patient should have. The effectiveness of dialysis varies between patients because of differences in body size and age etc., so different people need different amounts, and this section gives guidance on what defines "enough" dialysis and how to make sure each person is getting that. Quite a bit of this section is very technical, for example, the term "eKt/V" is often used: this is a calculation based on blood tests before and after dialysis, which measures the effectiveness of a single dialysis session in a particular patient. 2. This section deals with "non-standard" dialysis, which basically means anything other than 3 times per week. For example, a few people need 4 or more sessions per week to keep healthy, and some people are fine with only 2 sessions per week - this is usually people who are older, or those who have only just started dialysis. Special considerations for children and pregnant patients are also covered here. 3. This section deals with membranes (the type of "filter" used in the dialysis machine) and "HDF" (haemodiafiltration) which is a more complex kind of dialysis which some doctors think is better. Studies are still being done, but at the moment we think it's as good as but not better than regular dialysis. 4. This section deals with fluid removal during dialysis sessions: how to remove enough fluid without causing cramps and low blood pressure. Amongst other recommendations we advise close collaboration with patients over this. 5. This section deals with dialysate, which is the fluid used to "pull" toxins out of the blood (it is sometimes called the "bath"). The level of things like potassium in the dialysate is important, otherwise too much or too little may be removed. There is a section on dialysate buffer (bicarbonate) and also a section on phosphate, which occasionally needs to be added into the dialysate. 6. This section is about anticoagulation (blood thinning) which is needed to stop the circuit from clotting, but sometimes causes side effects. 7. This section is about certain safety aspects of dialysis, not seeking to replace well-established local protocols, but focussing on just a few where we thought some national-level guidance would be useful. 8. This section draws together a few aspects of dialysis which don't easily fit elsewhere, and which impact on how dialysis feels to patients, rather than the medical outcome, though of course these are linked. This is where home haemodialysis and exercise are covered. There is an appendix at the end which covers a few aspects in more detail, especially the mathematical ideas. Several aspects of dialysis are not included in this guideline since they are covered elsewhere, often because they are aspects which affect non-dialysis patients too. This includes: anaemia, calcium and bone health, high blood pressure, nutrition, infection control, vascular access, transplant planning, and when dialysis should be started.Item The effect of intravenous iron supplementation on exercise capacity in iron-deficient but not anaemic patients with chronic kidney disease: study design and baseline data for a multicentre prospective double-blind randomised controlled trial.(2022-07-27) Greenwood, Sharlene A; Beckley-Hoelscher, Nicholas; Asgari, Elham; Ayis, Salma; Baker, Luke A; Banerjee, Debasish; Bhandari, Sunil; Bramham, Kate; Chilcot, Joseph; Burton, James; Kalra, Philip A; Lightfoot, Courtney J; McCafferty, Kieran; Mercer, Tom; Okonko, Darlington O; Oliveira, Benjamin; Reid, Chante; Smith, Alice C; Swift, Pauline A; Mangelis, Anastasios; Watson, Emma; Wheeler, David C; Wilkinson, Thomas J; Reid, Fiona; Macdougall, Iain CBackground
Many people living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are iron deficient, even though they may not be anaemic. The Iron and Muscle study aims to evaluate whether iron supplementation reduces symptoms of fatigue, improves muscle metabolism, and leads to enhanced exercise capacity and physical function. We report here the trial design and baseline characteristics.Methods
This is a prospective, double-blind multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) including 75 non-dialysis stage 3-4 CKD patients with iron deficiency but without anaemia. Patients were randomly (1:1) assigned to either: i) intravenous iron therapy, or ii) placebo, with concurrent recruitment of eight CKD non-iron deficient participants and six healthy volunteers. The primary outcome of the study is the six-minute walk test (6MWT) distance between baseline and four-weeks. An additional exercise training programme for patients in both groups was initiated and completed between 4 and 12 weeks, to determine the effect of iron repletion compared to placebo treatment in the context of patients undertaking an exercise programme. Additional secondary outcomes include fatigue, physical function, muscle strength, muscle metabolism, quality of life, resting blood pressure, clinical chemistry, safety and harms associated with the iron therapy intervention and the exercise training intervention, and hospitalisations. All outcomes were conducted at baseline, 4, and 12 weeks, with a nested qualitative study, to investigate the experience of living with iron deficiency and intervention acceptability. The cohort have been recruited and baseline assessments undertaken.Results
Seventy-five individuals were recruited. 44% of the randomised cohort were male, the mean (SD) age was 58 (14) years, and 56% were White. Body mass index was 31 (7) kg/m2; serum ferritin was 59 (45) μg/L, transferrin saturation was 22 (10) %, and haemoglobin was 125 (12) g/L at randomisation for the whole group. Estimated glomerular filtration rate was 35 (12) mL/min/1.73 m2 and the baseline 6MWT distance was 429 (174) m.Conclusion
The results from this study will address a substantial knowledge gap in the effects of intravenous iron therapy, and offer potential clinical treatment options, to improve exercise capacity, physical function, fatigue, and muscle metabolism, for non-dialysis patients with CKD who are iron-deficient but not anaemic. It will also offer insight into the potential novel effects of an 8-week exercise training programme.Trial registration
EudraCT: 2018-000,144-25 Registered 28/01/2019.Item The PrEscription of intraDialytic exercise to improve quAlity of Life in patients with chronic kidney disease trial: Study design and baseline data for a multicentre randomized controlled trial(Oxford University Press, 2020-09-10) Greenwood, Sharlene A.; Koufaki, Pelagia; Macdonald, Jamie; Bhandari, Sunil; Burton, James; Dasgupta, Indranil; Farrington, Kenneth; Ford, Ian; Kalra, Philip A.; Kean, Sharon; Kumwenda, Mick; Macdougall, Iain C.; Messow, Claudia-Martina; Mitra, Sandip; Reid, Chante; Smith, Alice C.; Taal, Maarten W.; Thomson, Peter C.; Wheeler, David C.; White, Claire; Yaqoob, Magdi; Mercer, TomBackground Exercise interventions designed to improve physical function and reduce sedentary behaviour in haemodialysis (HD) patients might improve exercise capacity, reduce fatigue and lead to improved quality of life (QOL). The PrEscription of intraDialytic exercise to improve quAlity of Life study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-month intradialytic exercise programme on QOL and physical function, compared with usual care for patients on HD in the UK.