Browsing by Person "Calia, Clara"

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Dataset for Visuospatial bootstrapping: aging and the facilitation of verbal memory by spatial displays. Archives Of Scientific
(2015) Calia, Clara; Darling, Stephen; Allen, R. J.; Havelka, J.
Dataset related to Calia, Clara and Darling, Stephen and Allen, RJ and Havelka, J (2015) Visuospatial bootstrapping: aging and the facilitation of verbal memory by spatial displays. Archives Of Scientific Psychology. ISSN 2169-3269 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/arc0000019 https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/3750
Dataset for Visuospatial bootstrapping: binding useful visuospatial information during verbal working memory encoding does not require set-shifting executive resources.
(2018) Calia, Clara; Darling, Stephen; Havelka, Jelena; Allen, Richard J.
Dataset related to Calia, Clara and Darling, Stephen and Havelka, Jelena and Allen, Richard J (2018) Visuospatial bootstrapping: binding useful visuospatial information during verbal working memory encoding does not require set-shifting executive resources. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. ISSN 1747-0226 (In Press) https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/5276
Tackling dementia globally: the Global Dementia Prevention Program (GloDePP) collaboration
(International Society of Global Health, 2019-12) Chan, Kit Yee; Adeloye, Davies; Asante, Kwaku Poku; Calia, Clara; Campbell, Harry; Danso, Samuel O; Juvekar, Sanjay; Luz, Saturnino; Mohan, Devi; Terrera, Graciela Muniz; Nitrini, Ricardo; Noroozian, Maryam; Nulkar, Amit; Nyame, Solomon; Paralikar, Vasudeo; Rodriguez, Mario A Parra; Poon, Adrienne N.; Reidpath, Daniel; Rudan, Igor; Stephan, Blossom CM; Su, Tin Tin; Wang, Huali; Watermeyer, Tam; Wilkinson, Heather; Yassuda, Monica Sanches; Yu, Xin; Ritchie, Craig
The contribution of the central executive to visuo-spatial bootstrapping in younger adults, older adults and patients with mild cognitive impairment.
(Queen MArgaret University, Edinburgh, 2016) Calia, Clara
Background. Recent studies on verbal immediate serial recall (Darling & Havelka, 2010; Darling et al., 2012, 2014; Allen et al., 2015) show evidence of the integration of information from verbal and visuo-spatial short term memory with long-term memory representations. This so-called 'visuo-spatial bootstrapping‘ (VSB) pattern, in which verbal serial recall is improved when the information is arranged in a familiar spatially distributed pattern, such as a telephone keypad, is consistent with the existence within working memory of an episodic buffer. Objective. The general purpose was to investigate the structure of working memory, and in particular the relationship between verbal and visuo-spatial working memory. Specifically, this thesis aimed to determine the contribution of the central executive and the implications of the VSB paradigm in younger and older adults and patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Materials and Methods. The first study explored the role of the central executive. The VSB task with digit sequences, visually presented both in single and in a typical keypad display, was administered under conditions of verbal and central executive load. In the second study VSB was investigated in older and younger adults using three conditions: single digit display, typical and random keypad. In the third study, examining performance in VSB in a typical elderly sample compared with people with MCI. Each participant was assessed with a neuropsychological battery of tests and the VSB task composed by single digit and typical keypad display. Results and Conclusion. Central executive load demonstrated to have a negative effect on digit recall performance without affecting the bootstrapping effect. VSB does not need to recruit executive resources. No difference was observed in the bootstrapping pattern as a consequence of age and cognitive difficulties and the beneficial impact of additional visual information was comparable for MCI, older and younger participants.
The cumulative semantic interference effect in normal and pathological ageing
(2014-12) Mulatti, Claudio; Calia, Clara; De Caro, Maria Fara; Della Sala, Sergio
People affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a precursor of Alzheimer's Disease, present with impairments in picture naming, a lexical/semantic task which rests on the activation of perceptual, semantic, and phonological representations. The poor performance of MCI individuals in picture naming has been accounted for in terms of deficits of either the perceptual, semantic, or phonological stages. To disentangle the source of this deficit we compared the cumulative semantic interference effect (Howard et al., 2006. Cognition. 100, 464-482.) and the repetition priming effect of a group of people with MCI to that of a group of healthy elderly participants and with a group of healthy young participants. The cumulative semantic interference effect defines a linear increase in the picture naming reaction times which is function of the already named pictures belonging to the same semantic category to which the named picture belongs. The repetition priming effect refers to an increase in performance for repeated items compared to unrepeated items. Results showed that whereas the cumulative semantic interference effect was present in the healthy elderly and young samples, it was absent in the MCI sample; instead, all groups showed comparable repetition priming effects. This pattern of results suggests that the impairment in picture naming exhibited by MCI individuals is due to an inefficient semantic access.
Transient involuntary mirror writing triggered by anxiety
(2015-08) Della Sala, Sergio; Calia, Clara; De Caro, Maria Fara; McIntosh, Robert D.
Mirror writing (MW) has mainly been observed in left-hemisphere-damaged patients writing with the left hand. This study evaluated the presence of MW in 24 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We found that MW is not a typical feature of MCI. However, one woman (FC), mislabeled initially with MCI but in fact affected by anxiety, showed florid MW when writing with her left hand, which resolved as her anxiety receded. This case study supports anecdotal reports of MW triggered by anxiety, and the features of FC's performance indicate a motor rather than a perceptual basis for the phenomenon.
Visuospatial bootstrapping: aging and the facilitation of verbal memory by spatial displays
(American Psychological Association, 2015-06-09) Calia, Clara; Darling, Stephen; Allen, R. J.; Havelka, J.
Recent studies on verbal immediate serial recall show evidence of the integration of information from verbal and visuospatial short-term memory with long-term memory representations. Verbal serial recall is improved when the information is arranged in a familiar spatially distributed pattern, such as a telephone keypad. This pattern, termed visuospatial bootstrapping, is consistent with the existence within working memory of an episodic buffer (Baddeley, 2000). The present experiment aimed to investigate whether similar results would be obtained in a sample of older adults. Older (55–76) and younger (19–35) adults carried out visual serial recall in 3 visual display conditions that have previously been used to demonstrate visuospatial bootstrapping. Results demonstrated better performance when digits were presented in a typical telephone keypad display. Although digit serial recall declined with age, there was no evidence that this visuospatial bootstrapping effect differed in size between older and younger adults. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are described.
Visuospatial bootstrapping: Binding useful visuospatial information during verbal working memory encoding does not require set-shifting executive resources
(Sage, 2018-05-07) Calia, Clara; Darling, Stephen; Havelka, Jelena; Allen, Richard J.
Immediate serial recall of digits is better when the digits are shown by highlighting them in a familiar array, such as a phone keypad, compared to presenting them serially in a single location; a pattern referred to as 'visuospatial bootstrapping'. This pattern implies the establishment of temporary links between verbal and spatial working memory, alongside access to information in long term memory. However, the role of working memory control processes like those implied by the 'Central Executive' in bootstrapping has not been directly investigated. Here we report a study addressing this issue, focusing on executive processes of attentional shifting. Tasks in which information has to be sequenced are thought to be heavily dependent on shifting. Memory for digits presented in keypads versus single locations was assessed under two secondary task load conditions, one with and one without a sequencing requirement, and hence differing in the degree to which they invoke shifting. Results provided clear evidence that multimodal binding (visuospatial bootstrapping) can operate independently of this form of executive control process.