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Browsing by Person "Conroy, Kylie"

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    Pathogenic obesity and nutraceuticals
    (Cambridge University Press, 2011-08-22) Conroy, Kylie; Davidson, Isobel; Warnock, Mary
    Over a decade of intense research in the field of obesity has led to the knowledge that chronic, excessive adipose tissue expansion leads to an increase in the risk for CVD, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer. This is primarily thought to stem from the low-grade, systemic inflammatory response syndrome that characterises adipose tissue in obesity, and this itself is thought to arise from the complex interplay of factors including metabolic endotoxaemia, increased plasma NEFA, hypertrophic adipocytes and localised hypoxia. Plasma concentrations of vitamins and antioxidants are lower in obese individuals than in the non-obese, which is hypothesised to negatively affect the development of inflammation and disease in obesity. This paper provides a review of the current literature investigating the potential of nutraceuticals to ameliorate the development of oxidative stress and inflammation in obesity, thereby limiting the onset of obesity complications. Research has found nutraceuticals able to positively modulate the activity of adipocyte cell lines and further positive effects have been found in other aspects of pathogenic obesity. While their ability to affect weight loss is still controversial, it is clear that they have a great potential to reverse the development of overweight and obesity-related comorbidities; this, however, still requires much research especially that utilising well-structured randomised controlled trials. 2011 The Authors.
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    Potential of Nutraceuticals against Obesity Complications
    (CRC Press, 2013) Conroy, Kylie; Davidson, Isobel; Warnock, Mary; Mahabir, Somdat; Pathak, Yashwant
    Obesity has been regarded as a disease by the World Health Organisation (WHO) since its inception in 1948; however, it was not deemed a public health problem by WHO until 1997 (James 2008). The most widely used method of classifying overweight and obesity is by body mass index (BMI = weight/ height2), and those with a BMI of 25-29.99 kg/m2 are classified as overweight and those with a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2 as obese (WHO 2011). However, although BMI correlates with body fat it is not a direct measure and results may be skewed by a high muscle mass such as can be seen in some athletes.