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Browsing by Person "Hardy, James"

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    Psychological skills and “the Paras”: The indirect effects of psychological skills on endurance
    (Routledge, 2017-04-13) Arthur, Rosie; Fitzwater, James; Roberts, Ross; Hardy, James; Arthur, Calum Alexander
    We examined the indirect effects of basic psychological skills (PS) on military endurance through enhanced advanced PS while controlling for fitness. British Army recruits (n = 159) participated in three endurance events for Parachute Regiment selection and completed an adapted Test of Performance Strategies questionnaire (Hardy et al., 2010). Following confirmatory factor analyses, the multiple mediation regression analyses using PROCESS (Hayes, 2013) suggested that goal setting, imagery and relaxation all had positive indirect effects on endurance via activation, with goal setting also impacting on endurance via negative thinking. These data provide some support for basic PS influencing endurance via advanced PS.
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    Psychological skills and “the Paras”: The indirect effects of psychological skills on endurance [Abstract]
    (British Psychological Society, 2015-12-15) Arthur, Rosie; Fitzwater, James; Roberts, Ross; Hardy, James; Arthur, Calum
    Objectives: We examined the indirect effects of basic psychological skills (PS; i.e., goal setting, imagery, self-talk, and relaxation) on military endurance through enhanced advanced PS (i.e., attention control, activation, emotional control, negative thinking, and automaticity). Design: A field-based, cross-sectional design. Method: We collected endurance data from 159 male British Army Parachute Regiment recruits (Mage = 21.04 years, SD = 3.62) from three military-specific endurance events integral to Parachute Regiment selection test week, as well as pre-event fitness data. Participants completed an adapted Test of Performance Strategies (TOPS; Hardy et al., 2010) to report their use of PS during the events. Following confirmatory factor analyses on the modified TOPS we conducted multiple mediation regression analyses, using PROCESS (Hayes, 2013), to test the indirect effect of each basic PS on endurance through the advanced PS, whilst controlling for pre-event fitness. Results: None of the basic PS had a significant direct effect on endurance. Goal-setting, imagery, and relaxation all had positive indirect effects on endurance via activation, with goal setting also impacting on performance via negative thinking. Conclusions: These data provide some support for basic PS influencing performance via advanced PS. However, nuances within these results also indicate that future examination of advanced PS mechanisms should consider the basic PS used and the types of tasks being undertaken.