Browsing by Person "Hartsuiker, Robert J."

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Judgment of disfluency in people who stutter and people who do not stutter : Results from magnitude estimation.
(Kingston Press Services, 2005) Lickley, Robin; Hartsuiker, Robert J.; Corley, Martin; Russell, Melanie; Nelson, Ruth
Two experiments used a magnitude estimation paradigm to test whether perception of disfluency is a function of whether the speaker and the listener stutter or do not stutter. Utterances produced by people who stutter werejudged as less fluent, and, critically, this held for apparently fluent utterances as well as for utterances identified as containing disfluency. Additionally, people who stutter tended to perceive utterances as less fluent, independent of who produced these utterances. We argue that these findings are consistent with a view that articulatory differences between the speech of people who stutter and people who do not stutter lead to perceptually relevant vocal differences. We suggest that these differences are detected by the speech self-monitoring system (which uses speech perception) resulting in covert repairs. Our account therefore shares characteristics with the Covert Repair (Postma & Kolk, 1993) and Vicious Circle (Vasic & Wijnen, 2005) hypotheses. It differs from the Covert Repair hypothesis in that it no longer assumes an additional deficit at the phonological planning level. It differs from the Vicious Circle hypothesis in that it no longer attributes hypervigilant monitoring to unknown, external factors. Rather, the self-monitor becomes hypervigilant because the speaker is aware that his/her speech is habitually deviant, even when it is not, strictly speaking, disfluent.
Magnitude estimation of disfluency by stutterers and nonstutterers
(Routledge, 2005-02) Russell, Melanie; Corley, Martin; Lickley, Robin; Bastiaanse, Roelien; Hartsuiker, Robert J.; Postma, Albert; Wijnen, Frank
Everyone produces disfluencies when they speak spontaneously. However, whereas most disfluencies pass unnoticed, the repetitions, blocks and prolongations produced by stutterers can have a severely disruptive effect on communication. The causes of stuttering have proven hard to pin down - researchers differ widely in their views on the cognitive mechanisms that underlie it. The present chapter presents initial research which supports a view (Vasic and Wijnen, this volume) that places the emphasis firmly on the self-monitoring system, suggesting that stuttering may be a consequence of over-sensitivity to the types of minor speech error that we all make. Our study also allows us to ask whether the speech of people who stutter is perceived as qualitatively different from that of nonstutterers, when it is fluent and when it contains similar types of minor disfluencies. Our results suggest that for closely matched, naturally occurring segments of speech, listeners rate the speech of stutterers as more disfluent than that of nonstutterers.
Stuttering on function words and content words : a computational test of the covert repair hypothesis
(Routledge, 2005-02) Hartsuiker, Robert J.; Kolk, Herman H. J.; Lickley, Robin; Bastiaanse, Roelien; Hartsuiker, Robert J.; Postma, Albert; Wijnen, Frank