Browsing by Person "Jafarnejad, Sadegh"

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Effect of cinnamon (Cinnamomum Zeylanicum) supplementation on serum C-reactive protein concentrations: A meta-analysis and systematic review
(Elsevier, 2018-12-07) Vallianou, Natalia; Tsang, Catherine; Taghizadeh, Mohsen; Davoodvandi, Amirhossein; Jafarnejad, Sadegh
Objective: The effect of cinnamon (Cinnamomum Zeylanicum) on serum C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase protein commonly used as a marker of inflammation, is uncertain. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of cinnamon to determine the effect on levels of serum CRP, relative to controls. Design: Studies were identified by a search of electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Scopus before August 2018. Combined and stratified analyses were used. Weighted mean differences (WMD) and its 95% confidence interval were estimated for net change in serum CRP by using random-effects model. The heterogeneity of meta-analysis was assessed by χ2 and I2 test. Results: Six studies were identified, and data from 285 participants were included. Pooled analysis showed significant reductions in serum CRP (WMD: −0.81 mg/L, 95% CI: −1.36 to −0.26, p = 0.004), with significant heterogeneity between selected studies. Improvements in sub-group analysis were observed when baseline CRP levels were greater than 3 mg/dL, and in trials of >12 weeks duration. Doses <1500 mg/day and ≥1500 mg/day were effective in lowering serum CRP (WMD: −0.56 mg/dL, 95% CI: −1.01 to -0.10, p = 0.02 and WMD: −2.13 mg/dL, 95% CI: −4.08 to −0.19, p = 0.03), respectively, with significantly reduced heterogeneity in trials with lower doses of cinnamon <1500 mg/day (test for heterogeneity: P = 0.22 and I2 = 33%). No changes were found in controls. Conclusion: Cinnamon supplementation improves levels of serum CRP, particularly in chronic conditions, where basal CRP levels are raised. Further well-designed studies are warranted to confirm or not the above-mentioned findings.
Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale associated with Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis
(Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2020-10) Ghaderi, Amir; Bussu, Anna; Tsang, Catherine; Jafarnejad, Sadegh
Background and objective: N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of L-cysteine with antioxidant, anti-inﬂammatory and neurotropic effects, is a promising agent in alleviating symptoms associated with schizophrenia. However, the role of NAC on parameters of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) remain uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the effect of NAC on parameters of PANSS in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Methods: We searchedPubmed/MEDLINE™, PsycNET™, PsycLIT™, Scopus™ and Google Scholar™ for studies on the effect of NAC on PANSS in patients with schizophrenia from inception to March 2019. We adopted medical and non-medical subjects headings (MeSH, non-MeSH) and several keywords, including “NAC”, “N-acetylcysteine”, “N-acetyl cysteine”, “Acetylcysteine”, “N-Acetyl-L-cysteine”, “schizophrenia”, “psychotic disorder”, “psychosis”, “schizoaffective” and “dementia praecox”. Results: We identified seven trials with274 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, with follow up between 8-52 weeks, and NAC supplementation between 1200-3600 mg/day. Significant improvements in PANSS were identified following NAC for total (SMD=-0.61, 95% CI = -0.91, -0.31 ; P<0.001), general (SMD = -0.58; 95% CI = -0.90, -0.26; P=0.0004); and negative (SMD = -0.56; 95% CI = -0.92, -0.21; P = 0.001) scores, respectively. No significant heterogeneity was found among studies. Significant reductions were observed following sub-group analysis in trials ≤ 24 weeks duration, with appreciable effect size for total (SMD= -0.83), general (SMD= -0.67) and negative (SMD=-1.09) scores. Conclusion: Supplementation of NAC was effective in alleviating PANSS symptoms associated with schizophrenia in trials ≤ 24 weeks duration. The use of NAC as an adjunct seems promising and further investigation is warranted to determine its precise role.
A meta-analysis of cumin (Cuminum cyminim L.) consumption on metabolic and anthropometric indices in overweight and type 2 diabetics
(Elsevier, 2018-03-23) Jafarnejad, Sadegh; Tsang, Catherine; Taghizadeh, Mohsen; Asemi, Zatollah; Keshavarz, Seyed Ali
Objective To conduct a systematic review, including meta-analysis, of published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of cumin to determine the effect on anthropometric and metabolic indices in overweight and/or type 2 diabetics, relative to controls. Methods Studies were identified by a search of electronic databases before December 2017. Combined and stratified analyses were used. Results Seven trials were identified, and data from 412 subjects were included. Pooled analysis showed improvements in bodyweight, body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) by −1.74 kg, −0.67 kg/m2 and −17.82 mg/dL respectively. Significant findings were also observed in triglycerides (TG) [WMD: −21.23 (95% CI: −37.64 to −4.82; P < 0.001, I2 = 92%)] and HDL-c (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) [WMD: 4.16 (95%CI: 3.30, 5.01; P < 0.001, I2 = 82%)] following cumin intake. No changes were found in controls. Conclusions Cumin improves anthropometric and metabolic indices in overweight and/or type 2 diabetic subjects. The changes were related to the clinical condition and quality assessment.
A meta-analysis of the effect of chromium supplementation on anthropometric indices of subjects with overweight or obesity
(Wiley, 2019-05-21) Tsang, Catherine; Taghizadeh, Mohsen; Aghabagheri, Elahe; Asemi, Zatollah; Jafarnejad, Sadegh
The role of chromium as a weight loss agent remains questionable, and although previous meta-analyses findings have reported small reductions in body weight in individuals with overweight/obesity following chromium supplementation, there have been significant limitations with these findings. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the current evidence for the efficacy of oral chromium supplementation in individuals with overweight/obesity from randomized controlled trials. Studies were identified by a search of electronic databases from inception to November 2018 and combined and stratified analyses were used. Twenty-one trials from 19 studies were identified which met all inclusion criteria which were suitable for statistical pooling, and data from 1316 participants were included. Pooled analysis showed significant reductions in anthropometric indices associated with body composition; for weight loss (weighted mean difference [WMD]: −0.75 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI], −1.04, −0.45, P < 0.001), body mass index (WMD: −0.40, 95% CI, −0.66, −0.13, P = 0.003 and body fat percentage (WMD: −0.68%, 95% CI, −1.32, −0.03, P = 0.04) in individuals with overweight/obesity. No changes were detected in controls. Subgroup analysis showed significant improvements in weight loss and body fat percentage, particularly for study durations ≤12 weeks and doses ≤400 μg/d. Chromium supplementation was associated with some improvements in body composition in subjects with obesity/overweight. The effect size was medium and the clinical relevance of chromium as a weight loss aid remains uncertain. Further investigation from larger and well-designed randomized controlled studies, especially in patients with diabetes, is warranted.
Potential blood pressure lowering effect of L-citrulline supplementation in at risk populations: a meta-analysis
(Emerald, 2022-05-10) Jafarnejad, Sadegh; Tsang, Catherine; Amin, Negin
Purpose This paper aims to investigate the effect of L-citrulline supplementation on blood pressure (BP) in middle-aged and elderly populations. Design/methodology/approach Three electronic databases, namely, Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus, were searched from 1990 to November 2020. Random effects model analysis was applied for quantitative data synthesis, and 6 trials with 150 participants were identified and included in the analysis. Findings Results showed an overall non-significant effect of L-citrulline supplementation on both systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) in middle-aged and elderly participants. However, stratified analysis indicated a significant reduction in SBP (SMD: −0.41, 95% CI: −0.84, 0.02; p = 0.06, heterogeneity p = 0.41; I2 = 10%) but not in DBP (SMD:−0.15, 95% CI: −0.57, 0.28; p = 0.51, heterogeneity p = 0.60; I2 = 0%), following longer-term (= 8 weeks) supplementation of L-citrulline. Additionally, higher doses of L-citrulline (= 6 grams) showed a marginally significant reduction in DBP (SMD: −0.38, 95% CI: −0.78, 0.02; p = 0.06, heterogeneity p = 0.50; I2 = 0%). Originality/value In conclusion, a higher dosage and longer duration of supplementation with L-citrulline may have potential BP lowering effects in populations at an increased risk of hypertension