Browsing by Person "Liker, Marko"

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Articulatory characteristics of the occlusion phase of /t / compared to /t/ in adult speech
(Taylor & Francis, 2007-03) Liker, Marko; Gibbon, Fiona; Wrench, Alan A.; Horga, Damir
This study used electropalatography (EPG) to investigate articulatory characteristics of /t / and /t/ occlusion in order to provide normative data to be used for the diagnosis and treatment of individuals with speech disorders. EPG data from the EUR-ACCOR database were analysed for nonsense VCV sequences containing /t / and /t/ in nine vowel contexts for seven English speaking adults. The main results of this study are that all speakers had a significantly more posterior placement for /t / compared to /t/ and that placement was stable during the occlusion phase of both /t / and /t/. For most speakers, the occlusion phase was longer for /t / compared to /t/, the occlusion phase generally involved more EPG contact and was slightly more variable in /t / compared to /t/, but these differences were not statistically significant for all speakers. The implications of the results for diagnosing and treating speech disorders are discussed.
EPG characteristics of velar stops in normal adult English speakers
(2007-08) Liker, Marko; Gibbon, Fiona
This study aimed to determine the main characteristics of normal tongue palate patterns for velar stops. EPG data from the EUR-ACCOR database were analysed for nonsense VCV sequences containing /k/ in nine vowel contexts for seven English speaking adults. Incomplete EPG closure across the palate for /k/ occurred in 19% (range 4%-41%) of utterances with the most number of incomplete closures in /aka/ and the least in /uki/. As predicted, place of articulation was dependant on vowel context. The most fronted was the velar occlusion in /iki/ and the most retracted in /aka/. In terms of amount of contact, /k/ in /iki/ environment had almost twice as much tongue palate contact compared to /aka/ in all speakers (mean 42% for /iki/ compared to 22% for /aka/). There was considerable interspeaker variability in all variables. The implications of the results for diagnosing and treating speech disorders are discussed.
Tongue palate contact patterns of velar stops in normal adult English speakers
(2008-02) Liker, Marko; Gibbon, Fiona
This paper provides a more detailed description of normal tongue palate contact patterns for the occlusion phase of velar stops than currently exists. The study used electropalatography (EPG) to record seven normally speaking adults' contact patterns of voiceless velar stops in nine VkV contexts. A variety of EPG indices measured: per cent complete closures across the palate; place of articulation; articulatory distance between /k/ and /t/; and amount of contact. Complete EPG closure occurred in the majority (81%) of tokens. Some speakers almost always had complete closures regardless of context, whereas other speakers produced them only with high front vowels. As expected, place of articulation and amount of contact were heavily influenced by vowel context. The most fronted and most contact occurred in /i/ contexts and the most retracted and least contact in /a/ contexts. There was considerable interspeaker variability on all measures, particularly in the precise location of velar placement and articulatory distance between alveolar and velar placement. The implications for diagnosing and treating abnormal velar articulations are discussed.