Browsing by Person "Peppe, Sue JE"

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Articulation disorders in children with high functioning autism.
(2004) Gibbon, Fiona; McCann, Joanne; Peppe, Sue JE; O'Hare, Anne; Rutherford, Marion
Intonation Abilities of Children with Speech and Language Impairments
(American Speech-Language-Hearing Association., 2003-02) Wells, Bill; Peppe, Sue JE
Intonation has been little studied in children with speech and language impairments, although deficits in related aspects of prosody have been hypothesized to underlie specific language impairment. In this study a new intonation battery, the Profiling Elements of Prosodic Systems-Child version (PEPS-C), was administered to 18 children with speech and/or language impairments (LI). PEPS-C comprises 16 tasks (8 x 8, Input x Output) tapping phonetic and functional aspects of intonation in four areas: grammar, affect, interaction, and pragmatics. Scores were compared to a chronological age (CA) matched group of 28 children and a group of 18 children matched for language comprehension (LC). Measures of language comprehension, expressive language, nonverbal intelligence, and segmental phonology were also taken. The LI group did not score significantly below the LC group on any PEPS-C task. On 5 of 16 tasks, the LI group scored significantly lower than the CA group. In the LI group, there were just 2 significant correlations between a PEPS-C task and 1 of the nonprosodic measures. The results support the view that intonation is relatively discrete from other levels of speech and language while suggesting some specific areas of possible vulnerability: auditory memory for longer prosodic strings and the use of prosody for pragmatic/interactional purposes.
Intonation development from five to thirteen.
(Cambridge University Press, 2004-12) Wells, Bill; Peppe, Sue JE; Goulandris, Nata
Research undertaken to date suggests that important developments in the understanding and use of intonation may take place after the age of 5;0. The present study aims to provide a more comprehensive account of these developments. A specially designed battery of prosodic tasks was administered to four groups of thirty children, from London (U.K.), with mean ages of 5;6, 8;7, 10;10 and 13;9. The tasks tap comprehension and production of functional aspects of intonation, in four communicative areas: CHUNKING (i.e. prosodic phrasing), AFFECT, INTERACTION and FOCUS. Results indicate that there is considerable variability among children within each age band on most tasks. The ability to produce intonation functionally is largely established in five-year-olds, though some specific functional contrasts are not mastered until C.A. 8;7. Aspects of intonation comprehension continue to develop up to C.A. 10;10, correlating with measures of expressive and receptive language development.
Phonetic and phonological errors in children with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome
(2010) Cleland, Joanne; Gibbon, Fiona; Peppe, Sue JE; O'Hare, Anne; Rutherford, Marion
This study involved a qualitative analysis of speech errors in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Participants were 69 children aged 5-13 years; 30 had high functioning autism and 39 had Asperger syndrome. On a standardized test of articulation, the minority (12%) of participants presented with standard scores below the normal range, indicating a speech delay/disorder. Although all the other children had standard scores within the normal range, a sizeable proportion (33% of those with normal standard scores) presented with a small number of errors. Overall 41% of the group produced at least some speech errors. The speech of children with ASD was characterized by mainly developmental phonological processes (gliding, cluster reduction and final consonant deletion most frequently), but non-developmental error types (such as phoneme specific nasal emission and initial consonant deletion) were found both in children identified as performing below the normal range in the standardized speech test and in those who performed within the normal range. Non-developmental distortions occurred relatively frequently in the children with ASD and previous studies of adolescents and adults with ASDs shows similar errors, suggesting that they do not resolve over time. Whether or not speech disorders are related specifically to ASD, their presence adds an additional communication and social barrier and should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible in individual children. 2009 The Speech Pathology Association of Australia Limited.
Prosodic ability in children with autism
(Royal Society of Speech Language Therapists, 2005) McCann, Joanne; Peppe, Sue JE; Gibbon, Fiona; O'Hare, Anne; Rutherford, Marion
Background - Quality of life (QOL) is suboptimal in end-stage renal disease. However, studies indicate that QOL is already impaired prior to the initiation of renal replacement therapy, implying that the initial decline originates in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) phase of the renal disease trajectory. Given the significance of QOL as a clinical outcome, there is a paucity of QOL research in CKD. Aims - To measure QOL at three distinct phases (based on creatinine clearance - Ccr) of the disease trajectory in CKD: normal renal function (NRF) with underlying renal disease, moderate CKD, and advanced CKD (Ccr >=75, 40-60, and <=30 ml/minute, respectively), and to establish if QOL is different between these groups. Methods - Data was collected from 25 patients from each of the Ccr bands (N=75). We measured self-reported QOL (Schedule for the Evaluation of Individual Quality of Life - SEIQOL), uraemic symptoms (Leicester Uraemic Symptom Scale - LUSS), and laboratory variables. Results - SEIQOL was significantly lower (p<0.001), and symptom number, frequency, and intrusiveness significantly higher (all p<0.001) in the advanced CKD group when compared to the NRF group. Although SEIQOL and symptom intrusiveness did not differ between the advanced and moderate CKD groups, SEIQOL was significantly lower (p<0.05) and symptom intrusiveness significantly higher (p<0.05) in the moderate CKD group when compared to the NRF group. Conclusion - QOL is already impaired in moderate CKD. The significant difference in QOL and symptom intrusiveness between the moderate CKD and NRF groups may denote a causal relationship between symptom intrusiveness and QOL early in CKD.
Prosody and Children with Autism
(NAS, 2005) McCann, Joanne; Peppe, Sue JE; Gibbon, Fiona; O'Hare, Anne; Rutherford, Marion