Browsing by Person "Tiliopoulos, Niko"

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Aspects of identity in a British Christian sample
(2010-11) Tiliopoulos, Niko; McVittie, Chris
Quantitative studies on religiosity and identity appear to be generally absent. In the present study we investigated this relationship, and predicted that personal identity would be positively associated with church attendance, and mainly intrinsic and quest Christian religious orientations, while social identity would exhibit a positive association with extrinsic orientation. A total of 161 British Christian adults took part in the study and responded to standardized measures of Christian religiosity and identity. The predicted relationship between religiosity and aspects of identity was to an extent supported. As expected, personal identity showed a positive association with quest, while social identity was positively related to extrinsic-personal, and negatively to intrinsic. Counter to our predictions, church attendance had an inverse association with social identity, while it lacked an obvious association with personal identity. It appears that the social expressions of Christians are more likely to be concerned with broad inclusive collective identities. 2010 Taylor & Francis.
Attachment as a partial mediator of the relationship between emotional abuse and schizotypy
(Elsevier, 2015-12-30) Goodall, Karen; Rush, Robert; Grunwald, Lisa; Darling, Stephen; Tiliopoulos, Niko
Developmental theories highlight the salience of attachment theory in explaining vulnerability towards psychosis. At the same time there is increasing recognition that psychosis is associated with childhood trauma variables. This study explored the interaction between attachment and several trauma variables in relation to schizotypy levels in a non-clinical sample. 283 non-clinical participants completed online measures of schizotypy, attachment, childhood abuse and neglect. When five types of abuse/neglect were entered into a linear regression analysis emotional abuse was the sole independent predictor of schizotypy. Age, attachment anxiety and avoidance were independent predictors after the effects of emotional abuse were controlled for. The overall model was significant, explaining 34% of the variation in schizotypy. Moderation analysis indicated that the effect of emotional abuse was not conditional upon attachment. Parallel mediation analysis indicated small but significant indirect effects of emotional abuse on schizotypy through attachment avoidance (13%) and attachment anxiety (8%). We conclude that emotional abuse contributes to vulnerability towards psychosis both directly and indirectly through attachment insecurity.
I intend to donate but -_: Non-donors' views of blood donation in the UK.
(Routledge, 2006) McVittie, Chris; Harris, Lisa; Tiliopoulos, Niko
Although only 6% of the eligible United Kingdom population regularly donate blood, reasons for low donation rates remain poorly understood. In a grounded theory investigation, blood donors ( n =23) and non-donors ( n =27) completed a questionnaire that included 15 open-ended items. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with sub-samples of donors ( n =5) and non-donors ( n =7). Analysis of open-ended responses and interview transcripts identified five themes. Three themes, namely pro-social views, helping behaviour and awareness had similar relevance for donors and non-donors. Two themes, anxiety and practical difficulties, were used by non-donors to account for non-donation despite intentions to donate. Although non-donors' anxieties may be difficult to overcome, perceived practical difficulties provide scope for intervention. The removal of perceived barriers to donation offers one way of increasing donation rates.
Predicting parents' decisions on MMR immunisation: a mixed method investigation.
(Oxford University Press, 2005) Gellatly, J.; McVittie, Chris; Tiliopoulos, Niko
Background. Increasing uptake rates for MMR vaccination requires an understanding of factors leading parents to decide for and against vaccination, particularly in the light of recent developments. Objective. We investigated factors relevant to immunising and non-immunising parents and the extent to which these factors predicted their decisions. Methods. The study was conducted in Edinburgh, UK. A two-stage mixed method design was used. Delphi technique elicited parents' views of factors relevant to MMR immunisation. Twenty-six factors identified as relevant were incorporated into a final questionnaire. Using cluster sampling, the final questionnaire was distributed to parents recruited through a group of local nurseries. 110 parents participated: eighty (72.7%) had had their child MMR vaccinated, thirty (27.3%) had refused the vaccine. The factors in the final questionnaire were analysed against vaccination status using a direct binary logistic regression model. Results. Four factors significantly predicted vaccination status, (prediction toward ‘yes vaccination’). These were the influence of current research (OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.07–0.51), the helpfulness of leaflets and information packs (OR = 3.27, 95% CI = 1.38–7.75), the importance of eradication of rubella (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.01–5.78), and the importance attached to the risk of adverse reactions (OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.48–0.87). Conclusions. Differences between immunising and non-immunising parents lie in the importance attached to four relevant factors. Excluding risk of adverse reactions, these factors have not been previously identified as salient and require to be explored further. Health advice to parents should highlight the identified importance attached to eradicating rubella and explicitly reflect research findings
Psi and associational processes
(The Parapsychology Press, 2005) Wilson, Stuart; Morris, R. L.; Pronto, E.; Tiliopoulos, Niko
If psi (1) is a real phenomenon, then logically it should follow some kind of psychological laws. One kind of model would posit that psi information, once it has entered the cognitive system, is subject to similar laws to other comparable incoming information (e.g., weak sensory stimuli--see Beloff, 1974; Nash, 1986; Schmeidler, 1986 for reviews). Furthermore, if the psi process somehow involves existing cognitive processes, then this could serve to reduce the amount of processing exclusive to psi that would otherwise be required. This is not a new suggestion; in 1946 Tyrell postulated that the psi percipient constructed a mediating vehicle which itself is the product ...
The internal consistency reliability of the Santosh-Francis Scale of attitude Toward Hinduism among bunts in south India
(2010-03) Tiliopoulos, Niko; Francis, Leslie J.; Slattery, Mary
The Santosh-Francis Scale of Attitude toward Hinduism was originally developed and tested among Hindu affiliates living in the United Kingdom. In the present study this instrument was completed by 100 Hindu affiliates from the Bunt caste in South India (48 males and 52 females). The data support the internal construct reliability of the scale in this context (a = .91) and commend the instrument for wider application within the Hindu community. © NAJP
The neglected link between adult attachment and schizotypal personality traits
(Elsevier, 2009-09) Tiliopoulos, Niko; Goodall, Karen
The relationship between adult attachment and schizotypal personality traits in a non-clinical sample was explored. It was predicted that insecure attachment would show a positive association with schizotypy. A total of 161 British adults completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire and the Experience in Close Relationships Scale. Canonical correlation analysis was used as a multivariate technique to explore the nature and directionality of the relationship between the two constructs. Attachment had a strong relationship with schizotypy, both at a bivariate and multivariate level, in the predicted direction. In conjunction with other predisposing factors, insecure attachment might contribute towards the development of schizotypy via specific interactional and cognitive styles, implicit within individuals' internal working models. A study of the relationship between schizotypy and attachment can enhance understanding of the pathways and triggers associated with schizotypal development, and ultimately lead to better ways of diagnosing, preventing, and even treating schizotypal personality disorder. 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Three-factor model of schizotypal personality in a British Christian sample
(2007) Tiliopoulos, Niko; Crawford, G.
The three-factor structure of schizotypy, as measured through the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), was assessed in a non-clinical Christian sample of 161 British adults from a wide range of denominational backgrounds. Participants were recruited through non-random purposive sampling. The trifactor model was unambiguously replicated. Furthermore, the SPQ exhibited excellent internal consistencies (range 0.73 to 0.97), while Confirmatory Factor Analysis and cross-instrument comparisons with Eysenck's Psychoticism scale indicated that elements of its convergence and discriminant validities were highly acceptable. Although this study identified some minor issues that require attention, overall, the SPQ appears to be a rather powerful and highly stable measure of schizotypy that can reliably be used in schizophrenia-related research with Christians.
When 2-3% really matters: The (un)importance of religiosity in psychotherapy.
(Routledge, 2007) McVittie, Chris; Tiliopoulos, Niko
Previous research suggests that clients' religious beliefs are commonly excluded from therapeutic practice. Often, this exclusion is attributed to practitioners' lack of knowledge or appropriate skills. Such analyses, however, have little regard for the interactional aspects of the therapist/client encounter. Drawing upon work within discursive social psychology, we argue that the exclusion of religious beliefs does not reflect therapists' lack of knowledge or awareness but can more usefully be seen as the discursive accomplishment of marginalizing clients' beliefs. Six practising psychotherapists were interviewed about religious beliefs within the therapeutic process. Participants construct religious beliefs as important but relevant only to restricted categories of clients. They rework religious beliefs as compatible with accepted practice, or construct particular groups of clients as incompatible with the process. Training and other requirements are reformulated in terms of spiritual beliefs rather than religious beliefs. These constructions display awareness of religious beliefs while marginalizing their relevance in practice. Inclusion of clients' religious beliefs to best effect will require more psychotherapy to engage more constructively with religion than it does at present.