Podiatry
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Item A survey of babywalkers in GP's, health visitors and orthopaedic surgeons(The Society of Chiropodists and Podiatrists, 1999) Cashley, D.; Carline, TomItem Accidental intra-arterial injection -a cause of lower limb ischaemia in intravenous drug users(The Society of Chiropodists and Podiatrists, 1998) Weir, Evelyn C.; Carline, TomItem A modular device to measure the effects of plantar foot pressure on the microcirculation of the heel(Elsevier Science Ltd, 2003-03) Santos, Derek; Carline, Tom; Richmond, R.; Abboud, R.Background: Past research has concentrated on foot function and plantar foot pressure, with many devices developed for this purpose. However, little is known of how cutaneous blood flow compensates for ambulatory repetitive circulatory insults and how ulceration occurs. Objectives: To develop a system to measure the effects of plantar foot pressure on cutaneous blood flow in the supine and semi-weight bearing positions. Method: A system was developed that integrated a laser Doppler fluxmeter with a pressure probe, allowing plantar foot pressure and skin blood flow to be recorded simultaneously. The system was tested using four volunteers (288.6 years). Results: A significant difference existed between baseline laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in the supine and semi-weight bearing positions (P=0.023). Differences between both positions also existed in the reduction in LDF levels following application of pressure (P=0.015), the maximum hyperaemic response (P=0.034) and time taken to reach maximum hyperaemic response (P=0.019). Conclusion: The device has shown that with current technology it is now possible not only to investigate plantar foot pressure but also how it affects skin blood flow, which in some cases can lead to ulceration. The effect of plantar foot pressure on cutaneous blood flow differs depending on whether the subject is supine or semi-weight bearing. Thus, to understand the effects of plantar foot pressure on skin blood flow future researchers must ensure that subjects are in an upright position when recording.Item A study to ascertain the potential inhalation hazard of toenail dust(The Society of Chiropodists and Podiatrists, 2003-02) Donaldson, C. L.; Carline, Tom; Brown, D. M.; Gilmour, P. S.; ELEGI Colt Laboratories; Donaldson, K.The use of the podiatric nail drill has become an acceptable way of reducing onychogryphotic nails in the clinical setting. The present study has demonstrated the presence of particles that are potentially dangerous to the human lung when they are contaminated with bacterial endotoxin (bacterial cell wall components that may cause an inflammatory response). Toenail dust collected from podiatric nail drills was examined for size, endotoxin content and the ability to stimulate release of IL-8 (IL- interleukins stimulate the release of other mediators in septic shock and inflammation) from macrophages and lung epithelial cells in vitro. The size distribution revealed a large number of particles that would deposit in the nose, airways and lung alveoli. Endotoxin was detected in extracts of nail particles and, interestingly, a component of these particles was able to stimulate substantial release of IL-8 from lung epithelial cells. Suspensions of toenail particles stimulated IL-8 release from monocyte-derived macrophages. Destruction of the endotoxin with the antibiotic polymyxin B still resulted in IL-8 release, suggesting that the particles themselves initiated the response and not necessarily the endotoxin. The authors conclude that podiatrists who routinely carry out nail reduction could be inhaling particles that could deposit throughout the respiratory tract, where they could contribute to inflammation by stimulating release of IL-8 from cells via the particles themselves and via endotoxin.Item Gli effetti dalla droga sugli arti inferiori(1998) Weir, Evelyn C.; Carline, TomItem A Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of the nail: a case report(1997) Santos, Derek; Carline, Tom; Weir, Evelyn C.Item The effects of drug abuse on the lower limb - an overview(The Society of Chiropodists and Podiatrists, 1997) Carline, Tom; Weir, Evelyn C.Item Tarsometatarsal Injury(The Society of Chiropodists and Podiatrists, 1998-08) Weir, Evelyn C.; Carline, TomA patient presented at a sports injury clinic with pain, swelling and bruising over the medial longitudinal arch. The diagnosis was found to be a tarsometatarsal injury. Tarsometatarsal fractures account for 0.2% of all fractures.1 Accurate diagnosis of injuries of this type may be difficult,2 and, although obvious injury will be detectable by radiographs, subtle subluxations may go undetected.3 While the radiographic criteria for diagnosis have been detailed in many studies,3-5 the clinical diagnosis of this type of injury has received little attention.3 This illustrative case demonstrates the clinical findings evident to the podiatrist upon examination of the foot, which may aid in the diagnosis of the more subtle presentation of this type of injury.Item The management of a pathological fracture of the third metatarsal(1997) Carline, TomItem The provision of foot care for diabetic inmates in Scottish prisons(1997-05) Weir, Evelyn C.; Carline, Tom