An Exploration of how Autocratic and Democratic Management Influence Productivity amongst Lower Level Staff Groups: A Tesco Based Investigation

Abstract

Aim & Objectives Due to constant change in business management techniques, it proves difficult to specify what management technique is best for crating a practical and valuable workforce. It has previously been proven that management style influences employee productivity. This study has been set up to specify what management technique, if any, shows a positive correlation with employee productivity. Autocratic and Democratic management will be the dominant subjects focused on throughout this study. Motivation and Job Satisfaction will also be significantly apparent throughout. The four main objectives of this dissertation are: • establish how employee productivity is effected by an Autocratic manager • establish how employee productivity is effected by a Democratic manager • identify if both management styles can demonstrate a relationship between Management style, Motivation and Job Satisfaction • identify which management style, if any, relates to the highest level of staff productivity Methodological Design Mixed Methods have been used to complete this study. Questionnaires with open ended questions were the main data collection method. Questionnaires were completed by managers and a number of their employees. The managers were grouped into autocratic and democratic units alongside their employees. Findings Post data collection, the data was analysed through the use of thematic analysis. Several themes became apparent throughout the analysis stage the following sub chapters have been created: • Autocratic Management • Democratic Management • Motivation • Job Satisfaction The data showed mixed responses regarding these themes. Hypothesis testing was also put to use. The two hypotheses that were tested are: Hypothesis 1- Autocratic management has a positive affect on staff productivity Or Hypothesis 2- Democratic management has a positive affect on staff productivity The assumption was made that if one was correct then the other would be wrong, however this proved difficult after analysing the data. Conclusions Concluding this study proved difficult as the managers perceptions of employee productivity differed from the employees' perceptions of their own productivity. There are however, things that Tesco can consider to increase employee productivity within their stores. Key Words: Autocratic Management, Democratic Management, Employee Productivity, Motivation, Job Satisfaction