IMPACT OF BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY ON CHILDHOOD MALNUTRITION IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA

Abstract

The Boko Haram insurgency has greatly impacted Northern Nigeria negatively, with children suffering a significant amount of health burden as a result, especially in terms of nutrition. Available evidence suggests that malnutrition is a major factor responsible for childhood morbidity and mortality. This dissertation critically explores the link between the Boko Haram insurgency and childhood malnutrition in Northeast Nigeria by thoroughly reviewing existing works of literature and analyzing thematically the prevalence of childhood malnutrition in Northeast Nigeria, the pathway between the Boko Haram insurgency and childhood malnutrition, and providing recommendations to curb the identified challenges. Findings confirm that there is a high prevalence of childhood malnutrition in Northeast Nigeria, and the prevalence is higher when compared to other parts of the country. Also, the presence of the Boko Haram conflict, the proximity, and the duration of the experience of conflicts were found to increase the chances of childhood malnutrition. Furthermore, the poor nutritional outcome of the children was closely linked to the disruption of agriculture, illiteracy and low health awareness, displacement, loss of livelihoods, and the destabilization of the health system, which are all consequences of the Boko Haram-caused insecurity. Maternal education, empowerment, and prioritization of children in nutritional interventions are among the recommended comprehensive approaches to solving the challenge. More importantly, a permanent end to the insurgency and improved governance are long-term solutions that could bring a substantial overall reduction of malnutrition of children in Northeast Nigeria.