Browsing by Person "Clapham, Michael"

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A study to determine if moringa leaf powder is an acceptable supplement to combine with maize meal for Malawian children
(Nutrition Society, 2010) McLellan, L.; McKenzie, Jane; Clapham, Michael
Appendix 10: dietary analysis and commentary on prisoners diets
(John Donald, 2008) Clapham, Michael; MacDougall, I.
Are primary school children's packed lunches healthy?
(MA Healthcare Limited, 2007-11) Armstong, Fiona; Clapham, Michael
With the uptake of healthy school dinners falling below what it used to be, many primary school children are bringing in their own packed lunches. It is important that these meals include the necessary nutrients for a growing child, but is this happening?
Assessing the validity and acceptability of DietPhone as a dietary measurement tool in adolescent girls
(Cambridge University Press, 2010) Hickman, A.; Aitchison, Ken; Davidson, Isobel; Clapham, Michael
Breakfast and Cognition: poster presentation
(S Karger AG, 2003) Mehrota, S.; Clapham, Michael; Davidson, Isobel; Chisholm, Vivienne
Daily nutrient intake based on lunchtime meal type in a group of 11-14 year old Scottish schoolchildren
(ECronicon, 2016-06-08) Norris, C.; Clapham, Michael; Davidson, Isobel; Wyness, Laura
Background: The introduction of Scottish Nutrient Standards for School Lunches is a key component in improving the diet of the nation's schoolchildren. Lunchtime meal options for Scottish schoolchildren include school meals, packed lunches and lunches purchased beyond the school gate. Methods: To investigate the daily nutrient intake of secondary school children based on the three lunch types above and compare this with the nutrient standards. A cross-sectional analysis of 5-day estimated food diaries from 332 secondary school pupils aged 11-14 years was conducted. Results: All lunch types had poor intakes of NSP, iron, and fruit and vegetables, both at lunchtime and over the whole day. Mean daily energy intake was 7.85 MJ (SD 2.48) for canteen lunches, 8.33 MJ (SD 2.18) for packed lunches and 9.1 MJ (SD 2.38) for street lunches. Mean daily saturated fat intake was for canteen lunches: 29.8 g (SD 13.4), packed lunches: 34.1 g (SD 14.3) and street lunches: 35.0 g (SD 13.6). On canteen lunch days children consumed the least fat, SFA and NMES, and the most folate and calcium. On packed lunch days children had the highest intakes of NSP, vitamin A, iron and fruit and vegetables. Conclusions: Canteen lunch days showed the most favourable nutrient profile in terms of fat, SFA, NMES, folate and calcium. Packed lunch days showed the most favourable intakes of NSP, vitamin A, iron and fruit and vegetables. Findings suggest that children should be encouraged to have canteen lunches.
How do packed lunches of 7-10 year old primary school children compare with nutritional standards for school meals?
(Cambridge University Press, 2005) Armstong, Fiona; Clapham, Michael
Hungry For Success: A whole School Approach to School Meals in Scotland. Final Report of The Expert Panel on School Meals.
(Scottish Executive, 2003) Clapham, Michael
Increasing the uptake of healthy school lunches
(MA Healthcare Limited, 2007-09) Clapham, Michael
School nurses have an important role to play in encouraging children to stay in school and eat a healthy school lunch. School nutrition action groups have proven to be a success in promoting the uptake of school meals and school nurses would be able to lead this new initiative.
Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of a novel variety of purple potato
(Nutrition Society, 2010) Clark, J.; Tsang, Catherine; Clapham, Michael
School meal contribution to nutrient intake amongst 11-14 year old Scottish schoolchildren
(E Cronicon, 2016-06-13) Norris, C.; Clapham, Michael; Davidson, Isobel; Wyness, Laura
Objective: To assess nutrient intake of children who buy lunch in school, outside school, or bring a packed lunch to school, and compare this with the nutrient standards. Methods: Secondary school pupils aged 11-14 years (n 332) from two secondary schools in Fife, Scotland, were asked to complete food diaries for a period of five days (Monday to Friday) to record foods and drinks consumed and portion sizes. Nutritional analysis of the diaries was carried out in respect to ten key nutrients/foods for which standards had been defined in the Scottish Nutrient School Standards for Lunches (SNSSL). Descriptive statistics were complied for each lunch type and analysis was conducted to investigate the importance of the lunchtime meal. Results: Around a third of pupils (32.8%) habitually had canteen lunches. The mean energy intake of canteen lunches was 504kcal (2109kJ), compared with 556kcal (2326kJ) for packed lunches and 707kcal (2958kJ) for lunches bought outside of school ('street lunches'). Canteen lunches provided the 'most nutritious lunch', with street lunches providing the 'least nutritious lunch'. Conclusions: The findings from this study emphasise the importance in canteen lunches in terms of nutritional quality as well as quantity, especially in terms of fat and SFA. Even if the overall menu, considered over a week, may meet SNSSL, this study indicates that (owing to food choices made by children in the canteen) the actual lunchtime nutrient intakes of children consuming canteen lunches were often far from achieving the nutritional standards.
The adequacy of long-chain n-3 fatty acid intakes in primary school children
(2009) McKenzie, Jane; Clapham, Michael; MacGregor, A.
The adequacy of long-chain n-3 fatty acid intakes in primary schoolchildren
(Nutrition Society, 2009) McKenzie, Jane; Clapham, Michael; MacGregor, A.
The relationship between food insecurity and practical food issues amongst a sample of refugees in Edinburgh
(The British Dietetic Association Ltd, 2009) Gillam, L.; Clapham, Michael
Background:- Food insecurity, or a lack of secure access to safe food, can be a precursor to nutritional problems (Campbell, 1991). It has been linked with a wide range of physical, mental and social health problems (Vozoris & Tarasuk, 2003), has been associated paradoxically with obesity in adults (Adams et al., 2003), and has been shown to affect children's academic performance, weight gain and social skills (Jyoti et al., 2005). Refugees are thought to be at higher risk than most of suffering from food insecurity, as a result of a combination of both social and economic factors, and this was reflected in a pilot study in London reporting 100% food insecurity with 60% child hunger (Sellen et al., 2002). The current project aimed to ascertain the prevalence of food insecurity amongst a sample group of refugees in Edinburgh, and to explore associations between levels of food insecurity and practical food issues. Methods:- A self-completing questionnaire, available in nine community languages, was administered to a convenience sample of adult refugees attending an adult education project and the central mosque. It contained questions relating to sociodemographics, statements adapted from the Radimer/Cornell food security and hunger scale (Radimer et al., 1990), and practical food information/access questions relating to language difficulties, social support, difficulties of finding shops with appropriate foods, lack of knowledge of local cooking/recipes, and uncertainty over food choices (Sellen et al., 2002). The Radimer/Cornell scale categorises participants progressively as food secure, household insecure, individual insecure or insecure with child hunger, according to the answers that are given. Subjects were then grouped as food secure and insecure for the purposes of undertaking Fisher's exact test analysis to determine associations with the practical issues, and Spearman correlation analysis to investigate correlations. Results:- Participants (n = 9) comprised a mixture of males (44.4%) and females (56%), most of whom (89%) had been living in the UK for more than 2 years. Results indicated that 56% were food insecure, with 11% reporting food insecurity with child hunger. There were no statistically significant associations or correlations between food insecurity and the practical food issues listed. Discussion:- To the best available knowledge, this study represents the first application of the Radimer/Cornell food security/hunger scale to refugees settled in Scotland. Inferences from this study are limited because it reflects a small convenience sample from only two groupings, is limited to those literate in one of the nine community languages (78% had college/higher education), and most participants had been in the UK more than 2 years, and so may be expected to have obtained a certain amount of acculturation in this time. Conclusions:- Lack of secure access to food is not an acceptable predicament for anyone seeking sanctuary in this country. This project, although small scale and with limitations, would suggest that this is a subject area requiring further study.
Validation of new mobile phone dietary assessment tool DietPhone against diet diaries and urinary nitrogen
(Nutrition Society, 2010-11-19) Monaghan, L.; Paget, A.; Young, D.; Aitchison, Ken; Davidson, Isobel; Clapham, Michael