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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/22
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Item Tongue palate contact patterns of velar stops in normal adult English speakers(2008-02) Liker, Marko; Gibbon, FionaThis paper provides a more detailed description of normal tongue palate contact patterns for the occlusion phase of velar stops than currently exists. The study used electropalatography (EPG) to record seven normally speaking adults' contact patterns of voiceless velar stops in nine VkV contexts. A variety of EPG indices measured: per cent complete closures across the palate; place of articulation; articulatory distance between /k/ and /t/; and amount of contact. Complete EPG closure occurred in the majority (81%) of tokens. Some speakers almost always had complete closures regardless of context, whereas other speakers produced them only with high front vowels. As expected, place of articulation and amount of contact were heavily influenced by vowel context. The most fronted and most contact occurred in /i/ contexts and the most retracted and least contact in /a/ contexts. There was considerable interspeaker variability on all measures, particularly in the precise location of velar placement and articulatory distance between alveolar and velar placement. The implications for diagnosing and treating abnormal velar articulations are discussed.Item Articulatory placement for /t/, /d/, /k/ and / / targets in school age children with speech disorders associated with cleft palate.(Taylor & Francis, 2004) Gibbon, Fiona; Ellis, Lucy; Crampin, LisaThis study used electropalatography (EPG) to identify place of articulation for lingual plosive targets /t/, /d/, /k/ and / / in the speech of 15 school age children with repaired cleft palate. Perceptual judgements indicated that all children had correct velar placement for /k/, / / targets, but /t/, /d/ targets were produced as errors involving palatalization or velar placement. An EPG classification scheme identified alveolar, palatal and velar placement. Articulations involving contact in alveolar and velar regions simultaneously were identified as alveolar velar double articulations (AVDAs). The classification revealed that AVDAs were relatively frequent, with 28% of alveolar and 12% of velar targets affected, and ten out of the 15 children produced one or more of these abnormal articulations. The majority of children had variable placements, with alveolar more variable than velar targets. The positive finding from the EPG data revealed that most children with perceptual errors for /t/, /d/ were able to make closure in the alveolar region during at least some of their attempts to articulate these targets. It is argued that appropriate analysis and interpretation of EPG data provide clinically relevant information about tongue placement in cleft palate speech.Item Abnormal patterns of tongue-palate contact in the speech of individuals with cleft palate.(Taylor & Francis, 2004) Gibbon, FionaIndividualswith cleft palate, even thosewith adequate velopharyngeal function, are at high risk for disordered lingual articulation. This article attempts to summarize current knowledge of abnormal tongue-palate contact patterns derived from electropalatographic (EPG) data in speakers with cleft palate. These data, which have been reported in 23 articles published over the past 20 years, have added significantly to our knowledge about cleft palate speech. Eight abnormal patterns of tongue-palate contact are described and illustratedwith data fromchildren and adults with repaired cleft palate. The paper also discusses some of the problems in interpreting EPG data from speakers with abnormal craniofacial anatomy and emphasizes the importance of quantifying relevant aspects of tongue-palate contact data. Areas of research requiring further investigation are outlined.Item Understanding speech production using electropalatography.(Taylor & Francis, 2007-03) Gibbon, Fiona; Lee, Alice; Yuen, IvanThe papers in this special issue of Advances in Speech- Language Pathology were originally delivered at the 4th International Electropalatography (EPG) Symposium, held in Edinburgh in September 2005.Item An electropalatographic investigation of middorsum palatal stops in an adult with repaired cleft palate.(Allen Press Incorporated, 2001-03) Gibbon, Fiona; Crampin, LisaObjective: Middorsum palatal stops are compensatory articulations that occur relatively frequently in cleft palate speech. This study used electropalatographic (EPG) and acoustic data to investigate /t/ and /k/ targets produced as middorsum palatal stops ([c]) by an adult with an articulation disorder associated with a repaired cleft palate. Results: Two novel observations were made from the instrumental data. First, although /t/ and /k/ targets were judged by phonetically trained listeners as homophonous (i.e., both produced as [c]), the EPG data revealed that the place of articulation for the [c] produced for /t/ was more anterior than the place of articulation for the [c] produced for /k/. Second, production of palatal stops involved lateral release followed by a variable period of lateral friction. Measurements made from the instrumental data quantified the temporal extent of lateral friction during the aspiration period. Conclusions: These observations merit further systematic investigation in cleft palate speech, and the procedures reported in this study are considered appropriate for such future research.Item Lingual contact in selected English vowels and its acoustic consequence(2007-08) Yuen, Ivan; Lee, Alice; Gibbon, Fiona; This research was supported by BBSRC (grant number BB/E003419/1) to the first author.This paper provides preliminary data about EPG contact for 3 different vowels in Southern British English (SBE) and Scottish English (SE) across eleven speakers. The EPG data were compared with vowel formants to test the hypothesis that the amount of EPG contact as an indicator of tongue height or anteriority will result in a corresponding change in F1 and F2. The results suggest that Percent Contact varies with the three monopthongs. F1, F2 and F2-F1 difference varies with the amount of Percent Contact.