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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/22
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Item Improving ultrasound post estimation accuracy by training on co-registered EMA data(University of Aizu, 2024-06-28) Balch-Tomes, Jonathan; Wrench, Alan A.; Scobbie, James M.; Macmartin, C.; Turk, A.This study aims to assess how accurately DeepLabCut [1], when applied to ultrasound tongue images, can estimate Electromagnetic Articulography (EMA) sensor positions. EMA provides objective measures of anterior tongue, jaw, and lip kinematics. DeepLabCut pose estimation is a powerful method of extracting keypoint positions from midsagittal ultrasound images of the tongue. It has an advantage over EMA in that it can be applied to the whole of the tongue from tip to root as well as the jaw and the hyoid. After correction for probe translation standard error in the estimation of keypoint positions compared to the corresponding EMA sensor positions was 1.2-1.5mm along the tongue contour and 0.5-0.9mm perpendicular to the tongue contour.Item Automated assessment of hyoid movement during normal swallow using ultrasound(Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists, 2022-03-14) Ma, Joan K-Y; Wrench, Alan A.Background The potential for using ultrasound by speech and language therapists (SLTs) as an adjunct clinical tool to assess swallowing function has received increased attention during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a recent review highlighting the need for further research on normative data, objective measurement, elicitation protocol and training. The dynamic movement of the hyoid, visible in ultrasound, is crucial in facilitating bolus transition and protection of the airway during a swallow and has shown promise as a biomarker of swallowing function.Item Visualising speech: Using ultrasound visual biofeedback to diagnose and treat speech disorders in children with cleft lip and palate(NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde and University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, 2017-09) Cleland, Joanne; Crampin, Lisa; Zharkova, Natalia; Wrench, Alan A.; Lloyd, Susan; Palo, PerttiChildren with cleft lip and palate (CLP) often continue to have problems producing clear speech long after the clefts have been surgically repaired, leading to educational and social disadvantage. Speech is of key importance in CLP from both a quality of life and surgical outcome perspective, yet assessment relies on subjective perceptual methods, with speech and language therapists (SLTs) listening to speech and transcribing errors. This is problematic because perception-based phonetic transcription is well known to be highly unreliable(Howard & Lohmander, 2011) especially in CLP, where the range of error types is arguably far greater than for other speech sound disorders. Moreover,CLP speech is known to be vulnerable to imperceptible error types, such as double articulations which can only be understood with instrumental techniques such as ultrasound tongue imaging (UTI). Incorrect transcription of these errors can result in misdiagnosis and subsequent inappropriate intervention which can lead to speech errors becoming deeply ingrained.Item Helping children learn non-native articulations: The implications for ultrasound-based clinical intervention(International Phonetic Association, 2015-08-15) Cleland, Joanne; Scobbie, James M.; Nakai, Satsuki; Wrench, Alan A.An increasing number of studies are examining the effectiveness of ultrasound as a visual biofeedback device for speech production training or therapy. However, no randomised control trials exist. We compared the success of typically-developing children learning new articulations with and without ultrasound biofeedback. Thirty children aged 6-12 were randomly assigned to 2 groups: Group U were taught novel (non-English) consonants and vowels using ultrasound in addition to imitation, modelling, articulatory descriptions and feedback on performance. Group A were taught the same speech sounds, using the same methods but in the absence of ultrasound visual biofeedback. Results showed that both groups of children improved in their production of the novel sounds with the exception of the high back vowels [u,]. No advantage for Group U was found, except for the palatal stop [c].Item Advances in EPG for treatment and research: an illustrative case study(Taylor & Francis, 2004) Scobbie, James M.; Wood, Sara; Wrench, Alan A.Electropalatography (EPG), a technique which reveals tongue-palate contact patterns over time, is a highly effective tool for speech research. We report here on recent developments by Articulate Instruments Ltd. These include hardware for Windows-based computers, backwardly compatible (with Reading EPG3) software systems for clinical intervention and laboratory-based analysis for EPG and acoustic data, and an enhanced clinical interface with client and file management tools. We focus here on a single case study of a child aged 10 years who had been diagnosed with an intractable speech disorder possibly resulting ultimately from a complete cleft of hard and soft palate. We illustrate how assessment, diagnosis and treatment of the intractable speech disorder are undertaken using this new generation of instrumental phonetic support. We also look forward to future developments in articulatory phonetics that will link EPG with ultrasound for research and clinical communities. Keywords: Electropalatography, ultrasound, speech disorders, perceptual analysisItem Covert contrast and covert errors in persistent velar fronting(Taylor & Francis, 2016-09-09) Cleland, Joanne; Scobbie, James M.; Heyde, Cornelia J.; Roxburgh, Zoe; Wrench, Alan A.Acoustic and articulatory studies demonstrate covert contrast in perceptually neutralised phonemic contrasts in both typical children and children with speech disorders. These covert contrasts are thought to be relatively common and symptomatic of phonetic speech disorders. However, clinicians in the speech therapy clinic have had no easy way of identifying this covertness. This study uses ultrasound tongue imaging to compare tongue contours for /t/and /k/in seven children with persistent velar fronting. We present a method of overlaying tongue contours to identify covert contrast at the articulatory level. Results show that all seven children, contrary to expectations, produced both /t/and /k/with near-identical tongue shapes showing no evidence of covert contrast. However, further analysis of one of the participants showed highly variable tongue shapes for /t/and /k/, including retroflex productions of both. Although not phonologically conditioned, this covert error is evidence of speech disorder at the phonetic level.Item Protocol for Restricting Head Movement when Recording Ultrasound Images of Speech(Whurr Publishers, 2008) McLeod, Sharynne; Wrench, Alan A.Ultrasound has been used as a diagnostic and intervention tool for speechlanguage pathology in order to examine tongue function during speech because it is readily accessible and non-invasive. Mid-sagittal or coronal dynamic two-dimensional images of tongue position and movement can be obtained as there are particularly strong ultrasound wave reflections from boundaries between tissue and air. Despite its potential usefulness as a technique, there have been limited research applications due to difficulty stabilizing the ultrasound transducer. The current research evaluates a specially designed helmet fitted with a microconvex endocavity ultrasound transducer. To verify tongue/palate contact and aid in establishing the validity and reliability of data, a female adult simultaneously wore an electropalatographic palate during ultrasound and acoustic data collection. Palate traces were verified by the activation of all electrodes on the EPG palate and the absence of sound on the waveform and spectrograph. Data indicated that the palate trace had limited movement over 1 hour of recording.