CASL
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/22
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Item English (Scottish) speech development(Oxford University Press, 2026) Scobbie, James M.; Cleland, Joanne; Lawson, Eleanor; Schaeffler, Sonja; McLeod, SharynneScottish English is primarily spoken in Scotland, U.K. It is a national quasi-standard variety of English with a range of social and geographical variants. It can be characterized as a highly distinctive accent (or accent group) of English, mainly due to its relationship to Scots. Its strongly distinct character may be more phonetic, prosodic and lexical than strictly phonemic and phonological, so for practical reasons it can be assumed that its inventory and consonant phonotactics overlap sufficiently with other varieties for many “British English” clinical resources to be applicable. Scottish English is, however, rhotic in its prestige varieties, which makes it markedly different from non-rhotic Southern Standard British English and other non-rhotic varieties. There are few specific studies of children’s acquisition of Scottish English, though Scottish children are often incorporated in larger studies in the U.K. Research on Scottish English has focused on social variation, speech production, and remediation techniques augmented with real time visual biofeedback, involving children with speech sound disorders and cleft palate. Commonly-used speech assessments and interventions have not been developed specifically for this variety of English.Item Biological and social grounding of phonology : variation as a research tool(2007-08) Scobbie, James M.; Acknowledgements. Financial support from ESRC (RES-000-22-2032).Phonological-phonetic sound systems are abstractions away from substance, so while they are grounded in biological capacity, they also reflect phonetically un-natural relationships arising from a variety of linguistic factors. Sociolinguistic variation is one of these non-biological factors. Pilot articulatory results are presented from derhoticised Scottish English. It can have onset/ coda allophony far more radical than the systems that are normally examined in articulatory research. Ultrasound analysis shows acoustic rhoticity in codas may have a post-alveolar constriction so delayed that acoustic rhoticity is covert. Perceptual recoverability of social identity has to be considered in addition to plain phonetic factors.Item The social stratification of tongue shape for postvocalic /r/ in Scottish English(Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2011-04-20) Lawson, Eleanor; Scobbie, James M.; Stuart-Smith, Jane; ESRCThe sociolinguistic modelling of phonological variation and change is almost exclusively based on auditory and acoustic analyses of speech. One phenomenon which has proved elusive when considered in these ways is the variation in postvocalic /r/ in Scottish English. This study therefore shifts to speech production: we present a socioarticulatory study of variation of postvocalic /r/ in CVr words, using a socially-stratified ultrasound tongue imaging corpus of speech collected in eastern central Scotland in 2008. Our results show social stratification of /r/ at the articulatory level, with middle-class speakers using bunched articulations, while working-class speakers use greater proportions of tongue-tip and tongue-front raised variants. Unlike articulatory variation of /r/ in American English, the articulatory variants in our Scottish English corpus are both auditorily distinct from one another, and correlate with strong and weak ends of an auditory rhotic continuum, which also shows clear social stratification.Item The articulatory and acoustic impact of Scottish English /r/ on the preceding vowel-onset(2009) Lilenthal, JanineThis paper demonstrates the use of smoothing spline ANOVA and T tests to analyze whether the influence of syllable final consonants on the preceding vowel differs for articulation and acoustics. The onset of vowels either followed by phrase-final /r/ or by phrase-initial /r/ is compared for two Scottish English speakers. To measure articulatory differences of opposing vowel pairs, smoothing splines of midsagittal tongue shape recorded via ultrasound imaging are compared. For the acoustic data, differences of the first two formant frequencies at the onset are tested. The results confirm that there is no 1:1 mapping between articulation and acoustics. Copyright 2009 ISCA.