Nursing

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/24

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Critical review of healthcare financing and a survey of system quality perception among healthcare users in Nigeria (2010–2023)
(Public Library of Science, 2025-05-28) Josiah, Blessing Osagumwendia; Enebeli, Emmanuel Chukwunwike; Duncan, Brontie Albertha; Adejumo, Prisca Olabisi; Josiah, Chinelo Cleopatra; Anukam, Lordsfavour; Shittu, Muhammad Baqir; Ncube, France; Alimele, Kelechi Eric; Emmanuel, Mercy; Martins-Ifeanyi, Oyinye Prosper; Opeyemi, Fawole Israel; Akingbade, Oluwadamilare; Adebayo, Abosede Peace; Ibraheem, Busiroh Mobolape; Ekenekot, Ubiebo Ataisi; Edafiejire, Mudiaga Sidney; Olukoya, Solomon Oluwaseun; Mukoro, Ufuomaoghene Jemima; Baghdasarian, Siyouneh; Obialor, Joy Chioma; Alao, Gloria Oluwakorede; Obialor, Blessing Onyinye; Otoboyor, Ndidi Louis; Josiah, Oghosa Gabriel; Okonkwo, Joshua; Ebinehita Imoyera, Precious; Gbolabo, Ajao Adewale; Nganwuchu, Blessing Chiamaka; Oladimeji, Olukayode Joseph; Olaosebikan, Timothy Wale; Kantaris, Marios
Nigeria aims to enhance its healthcare quality index score of 84th out of 110 countries and its Sustainable Development Goals Index ranking of 146th out of 166. Due to increased population, disease burden, and patient awareness, healthcare demand is rising, putting pressure on funding and quality assurance. The Nigerian healthcare financing and its impacts are complex; this study gives insights into the trends. This questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey (conducted from June to August 2023) and 2010–2023 health budget analysis examined healthcare finance patterns and user attitudes (utilisation, preference and quality perceptions) in Nigeria. Data from government health budgets and a stratified random sample of 2,212 from nine states, obtained from the socioculturally diverse 237 million population, were analysed with a focus on trends, proportions, frequency distributions, and tests of association. Results show that the average rating of healthcare experiences did not vary significantly over the last decade. Healthcare system quality was rated mainly poor or very poor; structure (74.09%), services (61.66%), and cost (60.89%). While 87.36% used government healthcare facilities, 85.00% paid out-of-pocket, and 72.60% of them were dissatisfied with the value for money. Despite a preference for government facilities (71.43%), respondents cited high costs (62.75%), poor funding (85.65%), inadequate staffing (90.73%), and lack of essential medicines (88.47%) as major challenges. The budget analysis reveals an average government healthcare fund allocation of $7.12 compared with an estimated expenditure of $82.75 per person annually. Nigeria allocates only an average of 0.37% of GDP and 4.61% of the national budget to healthcare, comprising a maximum of 13.56% of total health expenditure. This study emphasises the urgent need for policy reforms and implementations to improve Nigeria’s healthcare financing and service quality. Targeted interventions are essential to address systemic challenges and meet population needs while aligning with international health services and best standards.
Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 Vaccine Experiences and Safety-Related Reports on Vaccine Confidence among Nursing Students in Delta State College of Nursing Science Agbor, Nigeria
(Nigerian Medical Association, 2025-04-01) Josiah, Blessing Osagumwendia; Shittu, Muhammad Baqir; Enebeli, Emmanuel Chukwunwike; Duncan, Brontie Albertha; Josiah, Chinelo Cleopatra; Martins, Oyinye Prosper; Emmanuel, Ifeanyi Mercy; Opeyemi, Fawole Israel; Alimele, Kelechi Eric; Akingbade, Oluwadamilare
Background: Vaccine confidence is crucial for public health but remains a challenge in developing nations like Nigeria. This study explores vaccination confidence among nursing students at Delta State College of Nursing Science, Agbor. focusing on trends experiences with vaccines and potential impacts on future vaccination decisions. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 279 nursing students at DSCNSA was conducted on vaccination experiences, exposure to and impact of safety-related information about COVID-19 vaccines. Results: Only 37.3% had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, primarily Moderna and Pfizer, although 47.1% could not remember the brand. A total of 52.8% reported experiencing mild side effects, and one student reported having a seizure. Although many students expressed concerns about safety and efficacy, 91.7% showed a positive perception towards vaccination. Also, 93.6% of the 84.2% who are aware of COVID-19 safety/risk reports trusted the sources, 95.3% say it impacted their overall confidence in vaccines, and 55.1% are truly sceptical about future vaccinations. Vaccine perception shared association with history of COVID-19 vaccination (P = 0.0280). Females were more influenced by safety concerns while males were more likely to consider future vaccinations. Vaccine confidence also varied by religious affiliation, student year, and side effects experienced after COVID-19 vaccination, with those experiencing mild side effects showing a higher inclination to receive future vaccinations. Conclusion: This study indicates that Nigerian nursing students have mixed views on vaccines with concerns about safety and efficacy remaining prominent. Addressing these concerns through accurate information is essential to boosting vaccine confidence. © 2025, Nigerian Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Perceptions of healthcare finance and system quality among Nigerian healthcare workers
(Public Library of Science, 2024-11-07) Josiah, Blessing Osagumwendia; Enebeli, Emmanuel Chukwunwike; Duncan, Brontie Albertha; Anukam, Lordsfavour Uzoma; Akingbade, Oluwadamilare; Ncube, France; Josiah, Chinelo Cleopatra; Alimele, Kelechi Eric; Otoboyor, Ndidi Louis; Josiah, Oghosa Gabriel; Mukoro, Jemima Ufuoma; Nganwuchu, Blessing Chiamaka; Opeyemi, Fawole Israel; Olaosebikan, Timothy Wale; Kantaris, Marios
Nigeria’s healthcare system faces significant challenges in financing and quality, impacting the delivery of services to its growing population. This study investigates healthcare workers’ perceptions of these challenges and their implications for healthcare policy and practice. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 600 healthcare professionals from eight states across Nigeria, representing a variety of healthcare occupations. Participants completed a questionnaire that assessed their perceptions of healthcare financing, quality of care, job satisfaction, and motivation using a 5-point Likert scale, closed- and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that healthcare workers were generally not satisfied with the current state of healthcare financing and system quality in Nigeria. Poor funding, inadequate infrastructure, insufficient staffing, and limited access to essential resources were identified as major challenges. These challenges contributed to low job satisfaction, demotivation, and a desire to leave the profession. Socioeconomic factors, location State of practice, professional designation (clinical vs nonclinical), clinical designation (profession), and employment type (full-time vs part-time) were found to influence healthcare workers’ perceptions (p < 0.05). The findings indicated a need to improve healthcare workers’ satisfaction and retention, and quality of care in Nigeria, by increasing healthcare funding, transparent fund management protocols, investing in infrastructure and human resource development, and addressing regional healthcare disparities. By implementing these reforms, Nigeria can enhance the quality and accessibility of healthcare services and improve the health and well-being of its citizens.