A top down answer to patient safety.

Abstract

There is still no agreement on safe minimum staffing levels in nursing. Conventional wisdom in the UK has been that staffing levels are best left to local management.

Phonological-phonetic sound systems are abstractionsaway from substance, so while they aregrounded in biological capacity, they also reflectphonetically un-natural relationships arising from avariety of linguistic factors. Sociolinguistic variationis one of these non-biological factors.Pilot articulatory results are presented fromderhoticised Scottish English. It can have onset/coda allophony far more radical than the systemsthat are normally examined in articulatoryresearch. Ultrasound analysis shows acousticrhoticity in codas may have a post-alveolar constrictionso delayed that acoustic rhoticity is covert.Perceptual recoverability of social identity has tobe considered in addition to plain phonetic factors.