Browsing by Person "Bannerman, Elaine"

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A pilot study to investigate the effect of stage one thickened fluids on fluid and energy intake among healthy subjects
(Wiley, 2010) MacKemman, G.; Bannerman, Elaine; Davidson, Isobel; Jones, Jacklyn
A randomised trial of the impact of energy density and texture of a meal on food and energy intake, satiation, satiety, appetite and palatability responses in healthy adults
(Elsevier, 2014-10) Pritchard, Sarah J.; Davidson, Isobel; Jones, Jacklyn; Bannerman, Elaine
Background & aims: Texture modified diets may be enriched to optimise the opportunity for individuals to meet their required energy intakes; however there is insufficient evidence supporting this strategy. Thus we sought to investigate the effect of texture and energy density on food (g) and energy intakes (kcal), appetite (satiation and satiety), and palatability in healthy adults. Methods: A single blind within-subjects randomised crossover design, where 33 healthy adults consumed a test meal with either its texture and/or energy density altered, until satiation was reached whilst rating their appetite parameters. Subsequent intakes were recorded in a food diary to determine the effect of the treatments on satiety and identify any evidence of energy compensation. Results: Test meal energy intakes (kcal) were significantly higher with energy enrichment of both meals (standard texture; 315 kcal and texture modified; 303 kcal (p = 0.001)) and remained higher over the day for both (260 kcal/d and, 225 kcal/d respectively (p < 0.05)). Area under the curve (AUC) did not differ between meals for hunger, fullness, or desire to eat however palatability was significantly reduced with texture modification. Conclusions: Enriching meals (standard texture and texture modified) is an effective method to increase short term energy intakes in healthy adults over a 24 h period and may have application to optimise energy intakes in a clinical setting. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT00123456. 2013 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.
A study of Fluid provision and consumption in a rehabilitation hospital in Scotland, UK
(Cambridge University Press, 2011-01) Williams, L.; Jones, Jacklyn; Davidson, Isobel; Bannerman, Elaine
A study of fluid provision and consumption in elderly patients in a long-stay rehabilitation hospital
(2015-07) Gaff, L.; Jones, Jacklyn; Davidson, Isobel; Bannerman, Elaine
Background Adequate hydration is key to good clinical care and essential for preventing problems in elderly patients such as constipation, pressure sores and confusion. The present study aimed to evaluate fluid provision and consumption in elderly patients against current standards for Scottish hospitals. Methods A service evaluation, of fluid provision and consumption over 24 h by elderly orthopaedic rehabilitation patients in a long-stay hospital in Scotland was conducted. Fluids provided and consumed from trolley services, those at meal times and beverages from jugs of water were measured. The average fluid content of a jug, cup and glass on each ward was determined. Each jug of water provided was recorded, as was the acceptance of hot and cold drinks offered. Intake was determined by measuring the leftover water in each jug when these were refreshed and any leftover liquid in patients' cups deducted from that provided. Observations were made with respect to the presentation and encouragement of fluids. Results Fifty-eight patients (12 males, 46 female, aged ≥65 years) were monitored, of whom 56 were provided with more than the recommended minimum fluid per day [mean (SEM) = 2379 (82) mL]; however, mean intake was lower than recommended [mean (SEM) = 1302 (60) mL; P = 0.002]. Provision of drinks from a trolley service [mean (SEM) = 956 (44) mL] was less than fluid from jugs [mean (SEM) = 1398 (54) mL; P = 0.002]; however, the consumption of drinks from the trolley was greater [77% consumed, mean (SEM) = 770 (46) mL] than from jugs [41% mean (SEM) = 514 (36) mL; P < 0.001]. Conclusions Patients consumed significantly more fluid from individual beverages than jugs. Consideration of the method of fluid provision is important with respect to influencing fluid intakes.
Ability of existing Malnutrition Screening Tools to identify risk of starvation, sarcopenia and cachexia: A systematic review
(2014-04) Healy, Erin; Yaxley, Alison; Isenring, Elisabeth; Bannerman, Elaine; Miller, Michelle
Background and aims: Unintentional weight loss (UWL) is common in older adults, occurring in 27% of those aged 65 years and older, and is associated with increased mortality. It is critical to identify and treat the causes of UWL appropriately, with the three primary syndromes being starvation, sarcopenia and cachexia. Whilst Malnutrition Screening Tools are well established, it is unclear if they have the ability to detect separately the risk of those three syndromes. It is therefore the aim of this review to assess whether existing Malnutrition Screening Tools have the potential to screen for risk of starvation, sarcopenia or cachexia according to current diagnostic criteria. Methods: Five databases were systematically searched for studies describing the original development and/or validation of Malnutrition Screening Tools. A total of 33 articles describing 31 tools were reviewed. Results: Twenty tools appeared potentially appropriate for screening of starvation risk, with one tool incorporating all ideal measures. No tools contained all currently accepted components required for screening sarcopenia or cachexia risk. Key criteria that were commonly absent included assessment of muscle strength, muscle mass and physical function for sarcopenia risk, and fatigue for cachexia, and weight loss was often not quantified, or specified as unintentional. Conclusions: Ideally, future development of Malnutrition Screening Tools will include the ability to separately identify risk of starvation, sarcopenia and cachexia with a high level of validity and reliability, and should also have the ability to facilitate timely and appropriate referrals and treatment for these syndromes in dietetic practice. 2014.
Aesthetic properties of texture modified foods
(Wiley, 2010) Hopper, E.; Bannerman, Elaine; Davidson, Isobel; Jones, Jacklyn
Altered subjective appetite parameters in Crohn's disease patients.
(2001) Bannerman, Elaine; Davidson, Isobel; Conway, C.; Culley, D.; Aldhous, M. C.; Ghosh, S.
Altered appetite and early satiety may promote anorexia associated with Crohn's disease. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of disease activity on subjective appetite parameters in Crohn's disease patients.
An investigation into food and fluid provision and consumption in a Scottish rehabilitation hospital for older adults
(Elsevier, 2015-10) Ofstad, TWK; Bannerman, Elaine; Davidson, Isobel; Jones, Jacklyn
An investigation into food provision and consumption in a care home setting in the UK
(Cambridge University Press, 2010) Cunneen, S.; Jones, Jacklyn; Davidson, Isobel; Bannerman, Elaine
An investigation into food provision and consumption in an orthopaedic rehabilitation hospital in Scotland, UK
(Cambridge University Press, 2011-01) Williams, L.; Jones, Jacklyn; Davidson, Isobel; Bannerman, Elaine
An investigation into the aesthetic ratings of fortified foods commonly provided in hospitals
(Cambridge University Press, 2010) Memmott, S.; Jones, Jacklyn; Davidson, Isobel; Bannerman, Elaine
An investigation of food provision and consumption in a care home setting
(Mark Allen Healthcare, 2011-05-04) Cunneen, S.; Jones, Jacklyn; Davidson, Isobel; Bannerman, Elaine
Background: Malnutrition and dehydration are life-threatening conditions affecting a large proportion of the elderly community in care homes. Despite the provision of guidelines aimed at ensuring the nutritional requirements of individuals are met, the prevalence of malnutrition remains particularly high in institutionalized older adults. This article describes a study carried out in one Scottish care home to assess food and fluid provision and consumption among care home residents and also identify the contribution different eating occasions make to food intakes. Participants: Participants for the study were recruited from a private long-term care home facility in the Edinburgh locality. Individuals receiving palliative treatment were excluded from this study. Participants needed to reside full time at the nursing home for inclusion to the study. Study Design: Cross-sectional observational study (case study) to determine food provision and also food consumption of care home residents. Dietary intake of each participant was recorded and analyzed for a 24 hour period using plate-wastage methodology. All foods and fluids throughout the day were weighed using calibrated scales (1.0 g) both before foods were served to residents and any leftovers were weighed following consumption. Foods were recorded as per each eating occasion, namely breakfast, lunch, evening meal and also any snacks or drinks. Estimated energy, fluid and macronutrient content of the food provided and consumed was estimated using Windiets dietary analysis software (2005) and then compared to FSA Guidelines (FSA 2007) using one sample t-tests (P < 0.05 indicated statistical significance). Results: Food provision and consumption for a total of 25 residents was measured (n = 3 males: n = 22 females); mean (SD) age 86(8) years. There was no significant difference between energy provided (mean SEM) 2001 59 kcal compared with recommended provision 1955 kcal (FSA, 2007). However, significantly less energy than recommended (mean SEM) (163472 kcal) was consumed (P < 0.01). More than 95% of snacks provided were consumed, as a result these contributed an equivalent proportion to overall energy intake as breakfast and lunch, but these were not rich in protein. Conclusion: Provision of food and fluids within the care home meets FSA guidance, but residents tended to consume significantly less than what was provided thus nutritional deficiencies may exist. Further investigation into snack provision is warranted
Childhood coeliac disease diagnoses in Scotland 2009-2010: the SPSU project
(British Medical Journal, 2012-11) White, Lois; Bannerman, Elaine; McGrogan, Paraic; Kastner-Cole, Dagmar; Carnegie, Elsie; Gillett, Peter M.
Objectives To establish the incidence of childhood coeliac disease (CD) in Scotland between 1 September 2009 and 31 August 2010, to determine clinical features at presentation and reasons for diagnosis, and to identify any differences in incidence and practice between regions. Design Prospective data collection through the Scottish Paediatric Surveillance Unit (SPSU). Strategic contacts in each tertiary gastrointestinal region (East, West and North) were emailed monthly to report new cases of CD (<16-years). A clinical questionnaire was completed for each case. Additionally, regional laboratories were asked to report the number of diagnostic antibody tests for CD performed over the year. Setting This national study looked at the total cases within Scotland. Scotland has a population of 5.2 million, with the mid-year estimate in 2009 of 912-144 children under the age of 16. Results 91 new cases were reported, giving an overall adjusted incidence of 10.0/100-000/year. Incidence in the East was 16.3/100-000/year, West 8.1/100-000/year and North 7.7/100-000/year. Cases diagnosed due to active screening in the East (4.6/100-000/year) were more than twice the number observed in the West (2.0/100-000/year) and North (1.3/100-000/year), as was the incidence of classic cases. The most frequent symptoms reported were abdominal pain (50/91; 54.9%), failure to thrive (29/91; 31.9%), fatigue (29/91; 31.9%), diarrhoea (27/91; 29.7%) and bloating (19/91; 20.9%). Twenty-two children (24.2%) were diagnosed due to active screening, of which 14 had associated type 1 diabetes mellitus, one Down syndrome and seven had family history. Fifty-five per cent (12/22) of the patients diagnosed through active screening were asymptomatic. Significantly more CD diagnostic antibody tests were performed per head of population in the East compared with the West (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.57 to 1.73) and North (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.70 to 1.92). Conclusions Approximately double the incidence of paediatric CD was observed in the East of Scotland. Evidence of more actively screened cases diagnosed and more antibody tests performed in the region suggests a lower threshold to test. An environmental influence cannot be dismissed since more classic cases were also captured. Further research is needed to highlight the role of any exogenous factors.
Coeliac disease and the gluten-free diet: a review of the burdens; factors associated with adherence and impact on health-related quality of life, with specific focus on adolescence
(Wiley, 2016-05-23) White, Lois; Bannerman, Elaine; Gillett, P. M.
Adherence and non-adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) may impact negatively on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Understanding the factors that influence compliance could help inform management and also guide support. With a particular focus on adolescence, this narrative review critiques current literature on the burdens associated with following a GFD and the factors associated with adherence. Studies highlight a variety of burdens faced by individuals with coeliac disease, including the cost, access and availability of gluten-free (GF) foods, as well as the dilemmas experienced when eating out, travelling and socialising with friends. A number of studies report that adolescents face stigmatisation and feel isolated in social situations and at school. Additional burdens that are highlighted are a lack of knowledge regarding CD and GFD difficulties in interpreting food labels, as well as dissatisfaction with the organoleptic properties of GF foods. Factors associated with poor adherence in adolescence include older age, an absence of immediate symptoms, difficulties eating out and poor palatability of GF foods. Conversely, better emotional support and stronger organisation skills have been associated with superior adherence. Significant associations have been reported between HRQoL measures and adherence, although the findings are inconsistent. Limitations in research methodologies exist and data are restricted to just a few countries. Further research specific to adolescence is required to identify independent predictors of adherence. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 2016 The British Dietetic Association Ltd.
Comparison of choice, cost and availability of a healthy balanced gluten-free diet (GFD) with a standard diet that meets nutrient and food based guidance
(Cambridge University Press, 2011-07) Abernethy, G.; Bannerman, Elaine
Development and relative validity of an iron specific food frequency questionnaire for women of child bearing age
(Cambridge University Press, 2010-07) Pritchard, S.; Whitton, C.; Bannerman, Elaine; McKenzie, Jane
Dietary and fluid intakes of older adults in care homes requiring a texture modified diet. Proceedings of the 19th IAGG World Congress of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Paris: (5-7 July 2009).
(Serdi, 2009) Bannerman, Elaine; McDermott, K.
Dietary and fluid intakes of older adults in care homes requiring a texture modified diet: the role of snacks
(Elsevier, 2011-03) Bannerman, Elaine; McDermott, K.
Objective: To evaluate and compare energy, protein, non-starch polysaccharide, and fluid intakes of a care home population consuming a texture modified diet (TMD) with those on a standard diet and also to evaluate the role of snacks in individuals' diets. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Care homes. Participants: Thirty residents (n = 15 requiring standard diet: n = 15 requiring TMD). Measurements: Dietary intakes were assessed using a 3-day weighed plate-wastage method. All snacks and drinks consumed were observed and recorded. Weights of standard portions and volumes were used to determine actual amounts consumed of these items. Estimated intakes were converted to energy and nutrient intakes using WinDiets Dietary analysis software. Results: Residents on a TMD had significantly lower intakes of energy (1312 [326] kcal versus 1569 [260] kcal, P < .024), non-starch polysaccharide (6.3 [1.7] g versus 8.3 [2.7] g, P < .02) and fluid (1196 [288] mL versus 1611 [362] mL, P < .002) when compared with residents on a standard texture diet. Snacks provided significantly less energy (13% or 173 kcal versus 22% or 343 kcal, P = .001) and non-starch polysaccharide (P < .001) in those requiring the TMD. Conclusions: These results suggest that dietary and fluid intakes of older adults in care homes requiring a TMD are significantly less than individuals on a standard texture diet. These are unlikely to be meeting individuals' dietary and nutritional needs. Strategies that maximize provision of appetizing energy and nutrient-dense foods (including snacks) and fluids of suitable textures require further investigation. 2011 American Medical Directors Association.
Dietary intakes in geriatric orthopaedic rehabilitation patients: Need to look at food consumption not just provision
(Elsevier, 2015-06-19) Bannerman, Elaine; Cantwell, Linda; Gaff, Lisa; Conroy, Ashiling; Davidson, Isobel; Jones, Jacklyn
Domains of fatigue are associated with poor performance and sarcopenia in older Scottish adults
(Cambridge University Press, 2015) Wyness, Laura; Lemmon, Fiona; Arvanitidou, Iro; Bannerman, Elaine; Davidson, Isobel; Jones, Jacklyn