Occupational Therapy and Arts Therapies

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/25

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 537

A comparison of the organisation of art therapy practice in Latvia, in the UK and in Russia.
(Riga Stradins University, 2009) Martinsone, K.; Karkou, Vicky; Nazarova, N.
A Factor Analytic Study of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool of Hypothesized Variables
(2009) Kielhofner, G.; Fogg, Lou; Braveman, Brent; Forsyth, Kirsty; Kramer, Jessica; Duncan, Edward
The Model of Human Occupation (Kielhofner, 2008) postulates that occupational participation is influenced by volition, habituation, three skill areas, and the environment. The Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) (Parkinson, Forsyth, Kielhofner, 2004) was developed to provide a broad assessment of the factors that influence a client's occupational participation. The purpose of this study was to ask whether there was evidence that the items of the MOHOST meaningfully cluster into these theoretical sub-constructs. Nine occupational therapists used the MOHOST with 166 clients in the US and the UK, and a series of confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were conducted. The six-dimensional model fit better than the one-dimensional model, and the standardized coefficients also indicated that the items were well designed and captured each factor. The results of this study confirmed the hypothesis that the MOHOST contains six factors and provides further evidence of the validity of the MOHOST.
A focus group study of health professionals? views on phantom sensation, phantom pain and the need for patient information
(Elsevier, 2004-08) Mortimer, C. M.; MacDonald, R. J. M.; Martin, D. J.; McMillan, Ian R.; Ravey, J.; Steedman, W. M.
Focus groups with 32 health professionals from pre- and post-amputation care in central Scotland were used to explore perceptions of phantom sensation and pain, and current practice and potential improvements to patient information. Findings were compared to our parallel study of patients' experiences of phantom phenomena and information needs. Professionals' perceptions of phantom phenomena did not always match patient experiences: few professionals were fully aware of the nature, or the problems associated with phantom pain. There was uncertainty about who provided information and reported information was inconsistent and only weakly grounded in theory and mechanism-based management. Whilst there was awareness of the benefits of information, content, mode of delivery and co-ordination were all identified as areas for improvement. Our findings suggest that the information given to patients on phantom phenomena is inconsistent and insufficient. Possible solutions are the development of minimum standards of information and specifically targeted interprofessional education.
A Guide to Evaluation for Arts Therapists and Arts & Health Practitioners
(Jessica Kingsley, 2014) Tsiris, Giorgos; Pavlicevic, Mercds; Farrant, Camilla
A Guide to Research Ethics for Arts Therapists and Arts & Health Practitioners
(Jessica Kingsley, 2014) Farrant, Camilla; Pavlicevic, Mercds; Tsiris, Giorgos
A multi-disciplinary framework and rapid assessment tool for developmental co-ordination disorder services.
(2009-08) Forsyth, Kirsty; Maciver, Donald; Howden, Stella; Owen, Christine; Shepherd, C.; Rush, Robert
A national study to investigate the clinical use of standardised instruments in autism spectrum disorder assessment of children and adults in Scotland
(Elsevier, 2016-07-07) Rutherford, Marion; McKenzie, Karen; McClure, Iain; Forsyth, Kirsty; O'Hare, Anne; McCartney, Deborah; Finlayson, Ian R.; Scottish Government
Background: There are few large scale studies about the nature and extent of the actual use of standardised assessments for Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis in clinical practice. This study compares and contrasts practice in diagnostic services for both adults and children. Method: We conducted an analysis of retrospective case notes from 150 cases (70 adult, 80 children) assessed for Autism Spectrum Disorder by 16 diagnostic services. Results: We found differences between adult and child services in staff training and use of standardised assessment during diagnosis. All child services had staff trained in and regularly using standardised assessments. Most adult services had staff trained in using instruments but only half used them regularly. Administration of standardised ASD assessments was ten times more likely in children than in adults (OR = 10.1; CI = 4.24, 24.0). Child services selected the ADOS as the standardised tool and Adult services selected the DISCO, with very little overlap. Decisions to administer standardised tools were not based on case complexity but rather the same process was applied to all referrals within a service. The three recommended components of assessment (clinical history, clinical observation and contextual information) were included for the majority of cases, although clinical observation was more frequently used with children than with adults. Conclusions: Based on the findings, we suggest a need for a wider range of appropriate assessments for use with adults, particularly those with an intellectual disability and for further research into the reasons behind the choices clinicians make during the assessment process. For child services in Scotland, there is a need for more training in use of current diagnostic interviews. Clinicians did not vary tools used based on complexity, suggesting that this is a notion still to be clearly defined and operationalised in clinical decision making about the use of standardised assessments.
A practice development programme to promote the use of the Model of Human Occupation: contexts, influential mechanisms and levels of engagement amongst occupational therapists
(College of Occupational Therapists, 2010-11) Melton, J.; Forsyth, Kirsty; Freeth, D.
This study evaluated a multifaceted, organisation-wide practice development (PD) programme in one National Health Service mental health and learning disabilities trust. Method: Individual differences in integrating the Model of Human Occupation in occupational therapists' daily practice were examined through in-depth qualitative, multimethod realistic evaluation. A stratified sample of all occupational therapists (n = 74) was achieved using a self-report survey. Semi-structured interviews at three time points, practice observation and documentation audit continued until saturation appeared highly likely and categories were well elaborated (n = 10). Findings: The findings indicated that environmental contexts, particularly the support of the immediate team, and the therapist's personal circumstances influenced MOHO use. The mechanisms that acted as catalysts for practice change were Building Confidence, Finding Flow, Accumulating Reward, Conferring with Others, Constructing Know-how and Channelling Time. Four stages of MOHO integration, characterised as In the Hangar, On the Runway, Take-off and In the Air, were identified. Conclusion: Most studies of the uptake of PD treat people as relatively homogeneous, but they are not. Greater attention to individual differences, the mechanisms underpinning successful engagement and influencing contexts may result in better outcomes from PD investments. A degree of tailoring PD approaches to individual circumstances would be beneficial.
A psychometric study of the model of human occupation screening tool (MOHOST)
(2010-12) Kielhofner, G.; Fan, C-W; Morley, M.; Garnham, M.; Heasman, D.; Forsyth, Kirsty; Lee, S. W.; Taylor, R. R.
This study examined the psychometric properties of the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST) using item response theory and classical test theory approaches for clients with psychiatric disorders. Data, including demographic variables and scores on the MOHOST and a version of the Health of the Nation Outcomes Scale, were retrieved from case records of 1039 adult psychiatric service users. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 102 and 57 were female and 43 were male. Most (94) were unemployed, retired, or receiving other education or training. The items that make up each of the MOHOST subscales demonstrated good discriminant validity and excellent goodness of fit showing that the items measured the MOHO constructs unidimensionally. All subscales were able to distinguish clients into at least three statistically distinct strata and showed convergence with an independent measure of functioning. Findings from this study must take into account implicit limitations associated with the use of Rasch analysis and classical test theory. At the same time, results did support use of the MOHOST for research and clinical purposes. The MOHOST demonstrated good construct validity, item separation reliability, and concurrent validity. As a measure of occupational participation, the MOHOST offers practitioners and researchers a valid and reliable measure of volition, habituation, communication/interaction skills, process skills, motor skills, and environmental influences on participation. 2010 Elsevier.
A Rasch analysis of the model of human occupation screening tool single observation form (MOHOST-SOF) in mental health
(SAGE, 2016-01) Maciver, Donald; Morley, M.; Forsyth, Kirsty; Bertram, N.; Edwards, T.; Heasman, D.; Rennison, J.; Rush, Robert; Willis, Suzie
Introduction This study examined the psychometric properties of the model of human occupation screening tool single observation form. Method Clinical records were extracted pre- and post-treatment for 152 mental health service users. Data were model of human occupation screening tool single observation form scores and demographics. We investigated the form using Rasch analysis; we also present an analysis of change over time. Results We identified four misfitting items and evidence of instability with respect to change over time. After anchoring to adjust for unstable estimates, it was possible to measure client change, and there were significant differences in scores pre-post treatment indicating client improvement in ability. Conclusion The study provides initial psychometric assessment of this version of the model of human occupation screening tool.
A Systematic Review of Outcome Measures in Music Therapy
(OUP, 2017-11-11) Spiro, Neta; Tsiris, Giorgos; Cripps, Charlotte
Assessment, in its different guises and forms, has been a core consideration of music therapy work since the early stages of the discipline. Practitioners have devised assessment tools for different purposes such as outcome measurement. Although an increased number of tools have been published, many do not seem to be used widely in either practice or research. This situation might be connected to limited accessibility to such tools and/or the lack of centralized sources of information about them. This systematic review focuses on 26 music-therapy-specific outcome measures and identifies trends and gaps in their characteristics. The results show that most measures concern work with people with autism, developmental and learning disabilities, and special needs. Most measures have been designed using pilot studies, and most original sources introducing the measures have been published since 2000 and in journal publications. Validation processes are reported in less than half of the original sources. Most measures employ observational ratings and checklists as their data collection method and have five main categories of focus: musical engagement, functioning, communication and/or interaction, relationship, and music therapy process.
A Vision for Occupational Therapy in the 21st Century: Outcomes from a Scottish Think Tank
(2014) Renton, Linda; Kantartzis, Sarah; McMillan, Ian R.; Hunter, Heather; Ballantyne, Elaine
Abstracts of the 12th European Music Therapy Conference
(SAGE, 2022) Tsiris, Giorgos; Dowling, Meg; Hussey, Caroline; Maclean, Emma; Tsiris, Giorgos
The Editorial team of British Journal of Music Therapy (BJMT) is thrilled to host the book of abstracts for the 12th European Music Therapy Conference. The conference, organised by the British Association for Music Therapy (BAMT) and hosted by Queen Margaret University Edinburgh, in Scotland, took place between 8th – 12th June 2022.
Access to Psychological Therapies - DCAQ in NHS Lothian: Phase 2 Report
(Scottish Government, 2013-01) Arbuckle, Paul; Glassborow, Ruth; Denholm, Gail; Frazer, Norman; Graham, Patricia; Irvine, Linda; McKenna, Maureen; Pentland, Duncan; Stoddart, Graeme
The purpose of this document is to report on phase two of the Demand, Capacity, Activity & Queue (DCAQ) work carried out with Midlothian Psychological Therapies Service and East Lothian Psychological Therapies Service between April 2011 and March 2012. The overall project was broken down into two phases and this report is a summary of the work completed in phase two. The phase one report can be accessed at the following web address; http://www.qihub.scot.nhs.uk/media/220541/nhs%20lothian%20dcaq%20phase%201%20report%20vfinal2.doc The phase two report has two main purposes: To provide feedback on the work completed in phase two and to outline the additional service improvement opportunities that might be explored for each service participating; To provide a learning resource for other services interested in applying DCAQ.
ACHIEVE - active in children's health: integrating evidence, valuing experience
(The Royal Society of Medicine Journals, 2012-06) Mulvanny, A.; Whitehead, Jacqueline; Forsyth, Kirsty; Maciver, Donald; Walsh, M.; Healthcare Improvement Scotland; Knowledge Transfer Partnership
The article discusses a study to develop a comprehensive procedure for continued assessment of children aged between of 0-18 years with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The authors have designed a pathway incorporating 6 key performance indicators (KPIs) including a standardized classroom observation schedule, structured and equitable training opportunities and access to paediatric and Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) occupational therapy where appropriate.
Activity analysis
(Elsevier, 2008) Kielhofner, G.; Forsyth, Kirsty
Adapting to change, welcoming otherness [Editorial]
(2020-12-30) Coombes, Elizabeth; Tsiris, Giorgos
Adding humour to the music therapist’s tool-kit: Reflections on its role in child psychiatry
(SAGE, 2009-06-01) Haire, Nicky; Oldfield, Amelia
In this article we reflect on the use of humour in music therapy on a children’s psychiatric unit. We review the current literature and, by providing detailed case vignettes, identify four characteristics of humour in music therapy in this context as well as listing the main functions of humour here. We find that humour is a highly subjective experience and that due consideration of the intention behind any use of humour by the music therapist is crucial. Awareness and attunement to one’s client are considered vital when dealing with such a powerful multi-faceted phenomenon.
Adolescent and Young Adult Rheumatology In Clinical Practice
(Springer Cham, 2025-04-16) Ciurtin, Coziana; Hackett, Janine; Ciurtin, Coziana; Hackett, Janine
This concise guide takes a practical approach to adolescent and young adult (AYA) rheumatology, encompassing the needs of any healthcare professional working with young people aged 10-24 years. Each chapter contains key management points for readers to readily access disease-specific management, as well as highlighting specific AYA issues and approaches which differ from paediatric and adult practice. Adolescent and Young Adult Rheumatology In Clinical Practice, 2nd Edition has been fully revised with the latest research and clinical findings in the field. The coverage in the book is comprehensive but concise and devised to act as a primary reference tool for AYA practice across the field of rheumatology. The book is designed for paediatric/adult rheumatologists, primary care physicians, nurses and allied health professionals to increase understanding of AYA related topics and enhance the delivery of developmentally appropriate rheumatology health care.
Adolescent psychosocial factors and participation in education and employment in young adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analyses
(Elsevier, 2021-07-30) Tayfur, Sumeyra N.; Prior, Susan; Singh Roy, Anusua; Irvine-Fitzpatrick, Linda; Forsyth, Kirsty
Adolescence is a critical period for successful transition into adulthood. This systematic review of empirical longitudinal evidence investigated the associations between adolescent psychosocial factors and education and employment status in young adulthood. Five electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ASSIA and ERIC) were searched. Meta-analysis was conducted by using odds ratios (OR) as our common effect size; a narrative synthesis of results was also completed. Of the 8970 references screened, 14 articles were included and mapped into seven domains, namely, behavioral problems, peer problems, substance use, prosocial skills, self-evaluations, aspirations and physical activity. The results showed that behavioral problems (overall OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.26–1.74) and peer problems (overall ORadj: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.02–1.57) were significantly associated with being out of education, employment and training (NEET) as young adults. Prosocial skills did not present a significant association (overall OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.92–1.15). Other domains were narratively synthesized. The role of substance use was less clear. Only a few studies were available for self-evaluations, aspirations and physical activity domains. Implications for research and practice are discussed.