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Dietetics, Nutrition and Biological Sciences

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/23

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1986 - 198981990 - 199921

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End date: 1999Has files: No

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    Identification and characterization of a putative serine protease expressed in vivo by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
    (Microbiology Society, 1994-08-01) Barron, Rona; Stevenson, Karen; Inglis, Neil F.; Klausen, Joan; Sharp, J. Michael
    A putative serine protease expressed in vivo by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis was isolated from a lambda gt11 genomic expression library by screening with serum from a naturally infected sheep. The gene was contained in two overlapping clones, which were shown by antibody elution to encode a protein of 34 kDa in M. a. paratuberculosis. The clones were sequenced and database searches detected a motif identical to the active serine site in trypsin, and 30% homology to the putative serine proteases (HtrA proteins) of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Brucella abortus and Rochalimaea henselae.
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    A single amino acid alteration (101L) introduced into murine PrP dramatically alters incubation time of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
    (EMBO Press, 1999-12-01) Manson, Jean C.; Jamieson, Elizabeth; Baybutt, Herbert; Tuzi, Nadia L.; Barron, Rona; McConnell, Irene; Somerville, Robert; Ironside, James; Will, Robert; Sy, Man-Sun; Melton, David W.; Hope, James; Bostock, Christopher
    A mutation equivalent to P102L in the human PrP gene, associated with Gerstmann–Straussler syndrome (GSS), has been introduced into the murine PrP gene by gene targeting. Mice homozygous for this mutation (101LL) showed no spontaneous transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) disease, but had incubation times dramatically different from wild-type mice following inoculation with different TSE sources. Inoculation with GSS produced disease in 101LL mice in 288 days. Disease was transmitted from these mice to both wild-type (226 days) and 101LL mice (148 days). In contrast, 101LL mice infected with ME7 had prolonged incubation times (338 days) compared with wild-type mice (161 days). The 101L mutation does not, therefore, produce any spontaneous genetic disease in mice but significantly alters the incubation time of TSE infection. Additionally, a rapid TSE transmission was demonstrated despite extremely low levels of disease-associated PrP.
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    Un indicateur temps-temperature a phénol oxydase pour contrôler la nourriture refrigeree
    (1997-06-19) de Sequeira, Anil; Kelly, N. A.; Trevan, M.; Reuben, B. G.; Reuben, C. A.
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    Development of enzymatic time-temperature indicators for stored foods [Oral Presentation]
    (Campden and Chorleywood Food Research Association, 1999-05-25) de Sequeira, Anil
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    The Centre for Food Research at Queen Margaret College in Edinburgh
    (1995) Looy, Anne de; Turner, Pamela
    A New Centre for Food Research was created in September 1993 at Queen Margaret College, Edinburgh. Its main purpose is to promote research into food choice, particularly factors influencing choice such as sensory, socio-cultural and nutritional aspects. Research undertaken involves a multi-disciplinary approach by bringing together expertise from various disciplines including consumer sciences, dietetics and nutrition, food science, social sciences and hospitality studies. A one-day symposium “Food research in Europe” was held in 1994 to mark the Centre's official launch. The symposium was well attended, with delegates representing a wide range of organizations in the UK and other EU countries. Presentations were given by eminent speakers and researchers – Dr David Lindsay, MAFF; Dr Ronan Gormley, The National Food Centre in Dublin; Dr David Kilcast, Leatherhead Food Research Association; Dr Wendy Brown and Dr Richard Shepherd, both from the Institute of Food Research, Reading. The centre's major research interests and activities are related to fruit and vegetable consumption (sensory qualities of apples; barriers to consumption); the relationship between snacking, body weight and physical activity; healthy eating award schemes in the UK
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    Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enteriditis by combinations of plant oils and derivatives of benzoic acid: the development of synergistic antimicrobial combinations.
    (International Society of Chemotherapy, 1998) Fyfe, Lorna; Armstrong, Fiona; Stewart, John
    This study describes inhibitory properties of combinations of oil of fennel, oil of anise or oil of basil with either benzoic acid or methyl-paraben against Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enteriditis. Micro-organisms were cultured at 37 degrees C in broth and viable counts measured over a 48-h period. S. enteriditis was particularly sensitive to inhibition by a combination of oil of anise, fennel or basil with methyl-paraben where there was < 10 CFU/ml after 1 h. L. monocytogenes was less sensitive to inhibition by each combination however there was a significant reduction in growth of 4-8 log by combinations of all oils and methyl-paraben at 8, 24 and 48 h. Synergistic inhibition by one or more combinations was evident against each micro-organism.
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    Murine immune response to recombinant HIV1 p24 core protein following subcutaneous, intraperitoneal and intravenous immunisation
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 1991-11) Fyfe, Lorna; Maingay, J.; Robinson, A. C.; Howie, S. E.
    The murine immune response to baculovirus-produced human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)p24 was examined after injection by three different routes: subcutaneously (s.c.), intraperitoneally (i.p.) and intravenously (i.v.). Both antigen-specific T-cell proliferation and serum antibody were induced by i.p. injection. In contrast, s.c. and i.v. injection of antigen resulted in specific antibody generation alone. Lympho-proliferative responses seen after i.p. injection were confined to splenocytes, and were greater after a low dose of antigen than after a high dose. p24-specific proliferation was not detected in lymph node cells. CD4:CD8 ratios were normal in lymph nodes and spleen at all times, irrespective of the dose or route of administration. p24-specific serum IgG antibodies were detected in all animals after the second injection of antigen. After s.c. and i.v. administration of high doses of antigen, the median antibody titres continued to rise after a third injection, but plateaued in animals injected by the i.p. route. In contrast, low doses of antigen given i.p. increased the median titre during and after the course of four injections. A low antigen dose given s.c. resulted in a plateau of median titre between the third and fourth injections. In i.v.-injected animals the median titre decreased between the third and fourth injections. IgG1 p24-specific antibodies were detected in all immunized mice, whereas IgM antibodies were detectable only following i.p. injection of antigen.
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    Identification of major common extracellular proteins secreted by Aeromonas salmonicida strains isolated from diseased fish
    (1987-04-01) Fyfe, Lorna; Coleman, G.; Munro, A. L.
    Ten different strains of Aeromonas salmonicida that were isolated from diseased fish were grown under identical conditions (24 h at 25 degree C) in 3% (wt/vol) tryptone soya broth medium supplemented with vitamins and inorganic ions. In each case the extracellular proteins that were formed were compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and it was found that there were two significant common components, one with a molecular weight of 70,000 and the other with a weight of 56,000. Application of enzyme purification techniques to the supernatant fraction proteins of a culture of one of the strains resulted in the isolation of a 70-kilodalton (kDa) component, which was found to be a serine protease, and a 56-kDa component, which was hemolytic to trout erythrocytes. Rocket immunoelectrophoresis with rabbit antibodies to the isolated protease and hemolysin showed the same antigenic components in the supernatant fractions of all the cultures. These activities were assayed, and protease activity was found to vary by a factor of three, from 59 to 195 U/ml, while the range of hemolytic activity was over a narrow band, from 28 to 43 U/ml. There was an inconsistency between the immunoelectrophoretic and direct assay data in only one case. This indicated the presence of additional hemolytic activity, in addition to the 56-kDa component. The detection of large amounts of the same protease and hemolysin, two potent degradative activities, in a random series of strains of A. salmonicida suggests that they may be obligatory virulence factors in the development of furunculosis.
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    A study of the pathological effect of isolated Aeromonas salmonicida extracellular protease on Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar
    (Wiley, 1986-09) Fyfe, Lorna; Finley, A.; Coleman, G.; Munro, A. L. S.
    A comparison was made between the effects of Aeromonas salmonidda extracellular protease and total extracellular products (ECP) following intramuscular injection into juvenile Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. Thus, 20, 10, 5, 2.5 and 1.5 units of salt-free protease in 0.2 ml water were compared with ECP preparations with the same levels of proteolytic activity. The highest concentration of ECP produced a gross pathology with a large furuncular lesion 36 h after injection. The corresponding protease preparation had a lesser effect, although a furuncle was formed and tissue liquefaction was produced. These effects were less marked with reduced concentrations. At the lowest level studied, no significant effect was observed with protease alone but ECP (0.8 _g of protein) produced a small, characteristic lesion similar to that achieved with 5 units of isolated protease.