Coronary intervention door-to-balloon time and outcomes in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis
Date
2018-02-05Author
Foo, Chee Yoong
Bonsu, Kwadwo Osei
Nallamothu, Brahmajee K
Reid, Christopher M.
Dhippayom, Teerapon
Reidpath, Daniel
Chaiyakunapruk, Nathorn
Metadata
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Foo, C.Y., Bonsu, K.O., Nallamothu, B.K., Reid, C.M., Dhippayom, T., Reidpath, D.D. and Chaiyakunapruk, N. (2018) ‘Coronary intervention door-to-balloon time and outcomes in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis’, Heart, 104(16), pp. 1362–1369. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312517.
Abstract
Objective This study aims to determine the relationship between door-to-balloon delay in primary percutaneous coronary intervention and ST-elevation myocardial infarction (MI) outcomes and examine for potential effect modifiers.
Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies that have investigated the relationship of door-to-balloon delay and clinical outcomes. The main outcomes include mortality and heart failure.
Results 32 studies involving 299 320 patients contained adequate data for quantitative reporting. Patients with ST-elevation MI who experienced longer (>90 min) door-to-balloon delay had a higher risk of short-term mortality (pooled OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.40 to 1.65) and medium-term to long-term mortality (pooled OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.06). A non-linear time–risk relation was observed (P=0.004 for non-linearity). The association between longer door-to-balloon delay and short-term mortality differed between those presented early and late after symptom onset (Cochran’s Q 3.88, P value 0.049) with a stronger relationship among those with shorter prehospital delays.
Conclusion Longer door-to-balloon delay in primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation MI is related to higher risk of adverse outcomes. Prehospital delays modified this effect. The non-linearity of the time–risk relation might explain the lack of population effect despite an improved door-to-balloon time in the USA.